Table 2.
Characteristics and outcomes by the number of prior HF hospitalizations
| 0 hospitalizations | 1 hospitalizations | 2 hospitalizations | ≥3 hospitalizations |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (% total population) | 52,963(79) | 10,247(15) | 2,501(4) | 1,263(1) |
|
| ||||
| Age (y) § | 75(71–80) | 76(71–80) | 76(71–81) | 76(71–80) |
| Age ≤ 70y | 13,005(25) | 2,357(23) | 564(23) | 309(24) |
| Age ≥ 80y | 14,025(26) | 3,016(29) | 733(29) | 346(27) |
| Male | 39,620(75) | 6,906(67) | 1,566(63) | 761(60) |
| White | 47,332(89) | 8,682(85) | 1,968(79) | 934(74) |
| EF(%)§ | 25(20–30) | 25(20–30) | 25(20–30) | 23(20–30) |
| ≤20% | 16,418(31) | 4,406(43) | 1,075(43) | 610(48) |
| HF Duration | 52,705 | 9,816 | 2,422 | 1238 |
| New HF | 7,965(15) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0(0) |
| 0–3 months | 7,297(14) | 1,587(16) | 348(14) | 157(12) |
| 3–9 months | 6,317(12) | 1,771(18) | 398(16) | 166(13) |
| >9 months | 31,126(59) | 6,458(66) | 1,676(69) | 915(74) |
| NYHA class | 52,663 | 10,211 | 2489 | 1261 |
| I | 3,617(7) | 253(2) | 44(2) | 12(1) |
| II | 17,597(33) | 2,386(23) | 474(19) | 189(15) |
| III | 29,239(56) | 6,824(67) | 1,716(69) | 882(70) |
| IV | 2,210(4) | 748(7) | 255(10) | 178(14) |
| QRS ≥ 120 msec | 32,949(62) | 6,817(67) | 1,651(66) | 852(67) |
| Ischemic cause HF | 42,168(80) | 7,995(78) | 2,020(81) | 1,049(83) |
| Unsustained VT | 12,382(23) | 2,273(22) | 590(24) | 309(24) |
| Prior Hospitalization for any cause§§ | 0·6(1) | 2(1·3) | 3·2(1·4) | 5.5(2.6) |
| ≥ 5 | 506(1) | 498(5) | 402(16) | 720(57) |
| LOS of implantation§§ | 3·9(5·2) | 4·2(5·5) | 5(6) | 5.9(6.2) |
| Charlson Score *§§ | 0·6(1·2) | 1·8(1·6) | 2·5(1·7) | 3.1(1·8) |
|
| ||||
| Outcomes | ||||
|
| ||||
| Death | 8,135 | 2,449 | 769 | 523 |
| Average follow-up(range) | 1·4(0d-4y) | 1·3(0d-4y) | 1·3(0d-4y) | 1·1(0d-4y) |
| Median survival(y) (IQR) | *** | *** | 3(2·9–3·4) | 2·9(1·7–2·1) |
| 1-yr mortality risk(%) (95% CI) | 10(10–11) | 17(16–18) | 24(23–26) | 33(30–36) |
| 2-yr mortality risk(%) (95% CI) | 19(19–20) | 30(29–31) | 37(35–40) | 51(48–55) |
| 3-yr mortality risk(%) (95% CI) | 27(27–28) | 40(38–43) | 52(46–57) | 63(57–68)** |
| Hazard ratio (HR) for death | - | 1·7(1·6–1·7) | 2·2(2·1–2·4) | 3·4(3.2–3·8) |
| Age, sex, race-adjusted HR | - | 1·6(1·6–1·7) | 2·2(2·0–2·3) | 3.3(3.0–3.6) |
| Multivariable adjusted HR+ | - | 1·2(1·1–1·2) | 1·3(1·2–1·5) | 1.8(1·6–2·0) |
Median(IQR);
Mean (SD);
Without counting cardiac conditions (myocardial infarction and heart failure);
The marked survival times are censored observations
Follow-up was not long enough to observe median survival time
Adjusted for age, gender, race, year of implantation, device type, time from admission to implantation, time from implantation to discharge, EF, ischemic HF, QRS duration, NYHA class, HF duration, Presence of unsustained VT, Non-dilated cardiomyopathy, cerebralvascular disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, COPD, osteoporosis, dementia, depression, mania, anxiety, psychotic disorder, delirium, metastatic cancer., MI in 40 days, CABG/PCI in 90 days. Prior use of flu vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine, pace maker, Number of prior hospitalizations for any cause, for mi or other cardiac disease, Charlson comorbidity score without counting MI and HF.