Table 4. Relationship between ploidy status, age, and smoke habit, in OPMDs^a and OSCCs^b patients.

DNA aneuploidy in patients with OPMDs or OSCCs	Odds Ratio	P-valuec	Lower 95% Confidence interval	Upper 95% Confidence interval
All patients
Age	1.03	0.027	1.00	1.05
OSCCs vs OPMDs	8.28	<0.0005	4.01	17.1
Multiple vs single oral subsite OPMDs/OSCCs	0.35	0.007	0.16	0.75
Smokers vs Non-smokers	0.73	0.397	0.35	1.51
Drinkers vs Non-drinkers	1.11	0.770	0.56	2.21
Gender (female vs male)	0.78	0.507	0.38	1.62
OPMD patients
Age	1.03	0.051	1.00	1.06
D-OPMDsd vs ND-OPMDse	3.08	0.017	1.22	7.76
Multiple vs single oral subsite OPMDs	0.21	0.008	0.07	0.67
Smokers vs Non-smokers	1.51	0.391	0.59	3.90
Drinkers vs Non-drinkers	1.19	0.693	0.51	2.78
Gender (female vs male)	0.77	0.568	0.32	1.87
OSCC patients
Age	1.03	0.201	0.98	1.08
Multiple vs single oral subsite OSCCs	0.55	0.391	0.14	2.13
Smokers vs Non-smokers	0.17	0.021	0.04	0.76
Drinkers vs Non-drinkers	0.72	0.617	0.20	2.63
Gender (female vs male)	1.03	0.973	0.24	4.39
Non-smoker patients
Age	1.12	<0.0005	1.05	1.19
OSCCs vs OPMDs	73.06	<0.0005	11.20	476.55
Multiple vs single oral subsite OPMDs/OSCCs	0.28	0.138	0.05	1.50
Drinkers vs Non-drinkers	1.15	0.883	0.19	7.09
Gender (female vs male)	0.41	0.371	0.06	2.93
Smoker Patients
Age	1.00	0.929	0.97	1.03
OSCCs vs OPMDs	4.21	0.002	1.72	10.27
Multiple vs single oral subsite OPMDs/OSCCs	0.24	0.005	0.09	0.65
Drinkers vs Non-drinkers	0.80	0.578	0.36	1.76
Gender (female vs male)	0.70	0.399	0.30	1.61

^aOral potentially malignant disorders, OPMDs.

^bOral squamous cell carcinomas, OSCCs.

^cP- values <0.05 are in bold.

^dDysplastic oral potentially malignant disorders, D-OPMDs.

^eNon dysplastic oral potentially malignant disorders, ND-OPMDs.