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. 2017 Sep 6;7:10671. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10979-7

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Pregnancy mediates changes in the morphometry and function of BAT. (A) Interscapular BAT (iBAT) weight expressed as a percent of total body weight without uterine horn at gestational days 0 (GD0) and 14 (GD14). (B) H&E staining of iBAT. Scale bar, 100 µm. (C) Concentrations of total cholesterol (Chol), free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG), normalised to protein, in iBAT. (D) Expression of genes related to BAT and WAT phenotype. (E) Immunohistochemical staining for UCP1 in iBAT. Scale bar, 100 µm. (F) Basal measurement of O₂ consumption in terminally anaesthetised mice. (G) Measurement of norepinephrine (NE)-mediated O₂ consumption in terminally anaesthetised mice over time with O₂ consumption total area under the curve. To facilitate comparisons, responses are expressed as increases over pre-NE values. (H) NE-mediated changes in respiratory exchange ratio (RER) over time with RER total area under the curve. (I) qPCR analysis of DNA levels of mitochondrial Cox2 normalised to nuclear β-actin in iBAT. (J) Expression of the mitochondrial-encoded gene Nd5 in iBAT.