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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Sep 7.
Published in final edited form as: Nanotoxicology. 2013 Jul 31;8(6):663–675. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2013.822115

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Dose–response profiles for stress-related gene induction. Expression of genes associated with oxidative stress response pathways were determined by qRT-PCR after 4 h exposure of cells to varying concentrations of C442S (○) and C442L (•) agglomerates of carboxylated IONPs. The change in mRNA levels relative to untreated controls is shown as a function of mass cell dose, as determined by magnetic particle detection. Exposure concentrations (μg/ml) for these dose equivalents were 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml. Solid lines represent a second order polynomial fit to the data. *p < 0.05, #p < 0.01 compared with untreated control.