Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study groups
| Subclinical LV dysfunction |
p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| yes (n = 71) | no (n = 70) | ||
| Age, years | 52 ± 11 | 48 ± 8 | 0.031 |
| Males | 49 (69%) | 46 (66%) | 0.676 |
| Body surface area, m2 | 2.05 ± 0.19 | 2.06 ± 0.17 | 0.916 |
| Body mass index | 31 ± 5 | 32 ± 5 | 0.666 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 128 ± 22 | 129 ± 20 | 0.773 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 75 ± 16 | 76 ± 13 | 0.586 |
| Hypertension | 26 (37%) | 27 (39%) | 0.811 |
| Diabetes | 11 (15%) | 11 (16%) | 0.971 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 16 (23%) | 16 (23%) | 0.964 |
| Smoking | 21 (30%) | 19 (27%) | 0.480 |
| Obesity | 39 (55%) | 43 (63%) | 0.320 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 185 (71) | 189 (52) | 0.571 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 151 (102) | 151 (105) | 0.988 |
| LDL, mg/dl | 112 (52) | 105 (49) | 0.981 |
| HDL, mg/dl | 45 (19) | 43 (16) | 0.789 |
| AHI, events/h | 34.5 (31) | 21.7 (25) | 0.002 |
| Lowest nocturnal SpO2 | 81 (14) | 80 (23) | 0.372 |
| Length of time spent in SpO2 <90%, min | 14 (69) | 5 (27) | 0.061 |
| Sleeping time, min | 354.5 (48) | 364.5 (86) | 0.610 |
| OSA severity | |||
| Mild | 11 (15%) | 24 (34%) | 0.034 |
| Moderate | 18 (25%) | 15 (21%) | |
| Severe | 42 (59%) | 31 (44%) | |
| ACE inhibitor | 17 (24%) | 25 (36%) | 0.126 |
| β-Blocker | 11 (15%) | 8 (11%) | 0.480 |
| LVEDd, mm | 48 (6) | 46 (3) | 0.190 |
| IVST, mm | 10 (1) | 10 (1) | 0.996 |
| PWT, mm | 10 (1) | 10 (1) | 0.620 |
| LVEF, % | 65 (3) | 65 (8) | 0.051 |
| Left atrial diameter, mm | 39 (3) | 36 (6) | <0.001 |
| LVM, g | 176 (42) | 170 (49) | 0.171 |
| LVMI, g/m2 | 85 (22) | 82 (24) | 0.116 |
| LV hypertrophy | 12 (17%) | 9 (13%) | 0.546 |
| fQRS | 58 (82%) | 28 (40%) | <0.0001 |
Continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD or median and interquartile range. Categorical variables are presented as n (%). ACE = Angiotensin-converting enzyme; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; IVST = inter-ventricular septal thickness; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; LVEDd = LV end-diastolic diameter; PWT = posterior wall thickness.