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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Sep 7.
Published in final edited form as: Maturitas. 2017 Feb 17;99:59–65. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.01.016

Table 2.

Fold changes in Orexin A and Leptin levels during and after treatment.

Outcome Variable Overall PL t-E2 o-CEE P-value
Orexin A
 On-treatment: fold-change, BL-48 mo 1.01 (0.92–1.11) 0.91 (0.75–1.06) 1.00 (0.92–1.08) 1.22 (1.01–1.44)* 0.015a
 Post-treatment: fold-change,48–84 mo 1.05 (0.99–1.11) 1.10 (0.98–1.22) 0.97 (0.89–1.05) 1.07 (0.97–1.18) 0.537
Leptinb
 On-treatment: fold-change, BL-48 mo 1.20 (1.07–1.33)* 1.22 (1.04–1.39) 1.20 (0.91–1.49) 1.18 (0.95–1.42) 0.921
 Post-treatment: fold-change,48–84 mo 1.04 (0.94–1.15) 1.04 (0.89–1.20) 1.01 (0.86–1.17) 1.07 (0.83–1.31) 0.896

Reported as mean (95% confidence interval), fold changes were estimated as the ratio of geometric means of initial and final measurements of the on-/post-treatment period (details described in methods section); Kruskal-Wallis test was used to test for any difference in fold changes between the 3 treatment groups.

Abbreviations: PLplacebo; t-E2transdermal; o-CEEoral; BLbaseline; momonths.

*

P < 0.05 from Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicates a significant change over time within that group.

a

Based on pairwise comparisons from post-hoc testing, the fold change in Orexin A during treatment in the o-CEE group was significantly greater than that in both the PL (P = 0.008) and t-E2 (P = 0.033) groups.

b

Due to missing leptin data, fold changes were estimated on N = 49 on-treatment and N = 61 post-treatment.