Table 2. Overall changes in food availability, price and store environment in the Hill District and Homewood.
Stores open at preintervention | Stores open at post-intervention | Change=(post–pre)+ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||
Mean (SD) | Range | Mean (SD) | Range | Mean | |
Hill District stores | N=13 | N=13 | |||
Availability | |||||
Fruits/vegetables | [0, 17] | 2.9 (6.0) | [0, 20] | 1.30 | |
(max.=22) | 1.6 (4.7) | ||||
Healthy food | [0, 5] | 3.4 (2.7) | [0, 11] | 0.69 | |
(max.=11)a | 2.7 (1.7) | ||||
Unhealthy food | [0, 9] | 6.0 (2.5) | [0, 10] | 0.69 | |
(max.=11)b | 5.3 (2.2) | ||||
Junk food (max.=9)c | 7.3 (2.5) | [0, 9] | 7.5 (2.4) | [0, 9] | 0.23* |
Relative availability (0-1)d | [0, 1] | 0.53 | [0, 1] | 0.05 | |
0.48 | |||||
Price | |||||
Staple price indexe ($) | 15.57(2.2) | [11.80,19.99] | 14.65(2.9) | [11.03,22.46] | -0.92 |
Junk price indexf ($) | 4.48(1.0) | [2.71,6.12] | 5.76(1.0) | [4.13,7.78] | 1.28*** |
Environment | |||||
Orderliness (max.= 9)g | 5.8 (1.7) | [3, 8] | 6.8 (1.8) | [3, 9] | 1.0** |
Homewood stores | N=11 | N=13 | |||
Availability | |||||
Fruits/vegetables | [0, 0] | 1.6 (3.0) | [0, 10] | 1.62* | |
(max.=22) | 0.0 (na) | ||||
Healthy food | 2.8 (1.9) | [0, 6] | 3.5 (1.2) | [1, 6] | 0.72 |
(max.=11)a | |||||
Unhealthy food | [1, 7] | 5.8 (1.5) | [2, 7] | 1.57** | |
(max.=11)b | 4.3 (1.8) | ||||
Junk food (max.=9) c | 7.2 (1.3) | [4, 9] | 6.8 (2.3) | [0, 9] | - 0.33 |
Relative availability (0-1)d | 0.58 | [0, 0.9] | 0.61 | [0.4,1.0] | 0.03 |
Price | |||||
Staple price indexe ($) | 15.18(1.6) | [13.61,18.20] | 15.55(3.1) | [12.11,22.91] | 0.37 |
Junk price indexf ($) | 4.65(0.9) | [3.67,6.27] | 5.85(1.5) | [2.99,7.69] | 1.20* |
Environment | |||||
Orderliness (max.= 9)g | 5.7 (1.6) | [3, 8] | 6.2 (2.1) | [0, 8] | 0.43 |
Sig. = significance; SD = standard deviation; na = not available
Includes all stores open at either time point including those that closed at follow-up or opened after the baseline assessment
p<0.10
p <0.05
p <0.01
No. of healthy foods out of low fat milk, low fat cheese, low fat yogurt, lean beef, white chicken, whole wheat bread, brown rice, wheat pasta, low sugar cereal, baked chips and 100% fruit juice
No. of unhealthy foods out of whole milk, regular cheese, whole milk yogurt, regular beef, dark chicken, white bread, white rice, regular pasta, high sugar cereal, regular chips and flavored juice
No. of junk food items with maximum of 9 (e.g. including chips, soda and candy)
Ratio of number of healthy to unhealthy options for 11 items
Staple food price includes a dozen eggs, half-gallon whole milk, 20-ounce loaf of white bread, 15-18-ounce box of high-sugar cereal
junk food price includes a two-liter bottle of soda and a bag of chips
store orderliness consisted of nine items (no people hanging out or loitering, no panhandling, no shopping cart guard rails, no security guard, no bars on doors/windows, no bullet proof or plexiglass at check-out, no security mirror, no graffiti/tagging on building or property, no garbage/litter at facility entrance).