Table 1.
Characteristics of children hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infection and respiratory syncytial virus or human metapneumovirus detections (n=90)
| Variable | No. (%) |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Sex (female), | 43 (48) |
|
| |
| Race/ethnicity, | |
| White, non-hispanic | 16 (18) |
| Black, non-hispanic | 61 (68) |
| Hispanic | 9 (10) |
| Any high school education (parent or guardian) | 53 (58.8) |
|
| |
| Age groups, n (%) | |
|
| |
| <2 years | 59 (66) |
|
| |
| ≥2 to <5 years | 31 (34) |
|
| |
| Age in months, median (IQR)a | 19 (10 to 30) |
|
| |
| Weight percentile < 5th | 8 (9) |
|
| |
| Any comorbid condition | 57 (63) |
| Asthma | 42 (47) |
| Preterm birthb | 18 (40) |
| Congenital heart disease | 5 (6) |
| Neurological disorder | 2 (2) |
|
| |
| Radiographic pneumoniac | 71 (79) |
|
| |
| Viral-viral co-detectiond | 35 (39) |
|
| |
| Viral-bacterial co-detectiond | 8 (9) |
|
| |
| Vitamin D deficiency | 11 (12) |
|
| |
| Vitamin D level (ng/mL), median (IQR) | 32 (24 to 38) |
|
| |
| Vitamin A deficiencye | 41 (46) |
|
| |
| RBP level (ng/mL), median (IQR) | 15,522 (9749 to 21,630) |
|
| |
| Both vitamin A and vitamin D deficiencye | 7 (8) |
|
| |
| Length of stay (LOS) more than 3 days | 40 (44) |
|
| |
| Length of stay in days, median (IQR) | 3 (2 to 6) |
|
| |
| Admission to intensive care unit (ICU), n (%) | 15 (17) |
|
| |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 6 (7) |
a
IQR, interquartile range.
b
Preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation) was only determined for children under 2 years of age at the time of enrollment (n=45).
c
Radiographic pneumonia based on final criteria by study radiologist.
d
Detection of one or more viruses or bacteria (both typical and atypical pathogens) in addition to RSV or hMPV. See text for details.
e
RBP level less than 15,000 ng/ml indicates vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin D level less than 20 ng/ml indicates vitamin D deficiency. When a value for vitamin D was <5 ng/ml, it was assigned a numerical value of 1.