Table III.
Population-based data for rate of fatal anaphylaxis triggered by insect venom
| Region | Data Source | Time period | Total deaths | Rate of fatal venom anaphylaxis (per million/year) | Age | Gender predominance | Leading causal insects | Risk factors identified | Authors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | Australian Bureau of Statistics and National Coronial Information System (NCIS) | 1997-2013 | 324 (119 with known cause) 41 (13%) insect X23, X25 |
0.09 | Median 50 (range 19-79) | 90% male | Honeybee 73% Ants 9% Ticks 9% Wasp 6% |
Age Male sex Cardiovascular disease 45% Upright posture 30% Known venom allergy 48% Squeezing tick bites associated with death in all tick cases |
Mullins et al 201611 |
| Canada (Ontario) | Ontario Coroner's database | 1986-2011 | 92 total 30 (33%) insect Coroner reports searched; ICD codes not used. |
0.1 | Mean 54 (range 25 to 77) | 80% male | Not stated | Age Male sex Known venom allergy in 11 of 21 (52%) cases where this information was available |
Xu et al 201412 |
| United Kingdom | National fatal anaphylaxis registry | 1992-2008 | 479 total 92 (19%) insect X23 |
0.09 | Mean 59 (95% CI 56-63) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Turner et al 201514 |
| United States | 3 national databases (NIS, NEDS, MCDD) | 1999-2009 | 2229 total 295 (13%) insect X23 |
0.09 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Ma et al 20142 |
| United States | National Center for Health Statistics MCDD | 1999-2010 | 2458 total 374 (15%) insect X23, X25, T63.4 |
0.17 in Southern states 0.11 to 0.13 in other areas |
Median 52 y | 80% male 88% white |
Not stated | Age White race Male sex |
Jerschow et al 20146 |
ICD, International Classification of Diseases; MCDD, National Center for Health Statistics' Multiple Cause of Death Data; NCIS, Australian National Coronial Information System; NEDS, Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project; NIS, Nationwide Inpatient Sample, from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project.