Table 2.

Unadjusted and Adjusted Associations between Maternal Weight Gain During Pregnancy and Fecal Microbiota Profiles in Infants (n=84)

Models and microbiota profiles	RRR*	95% CI	P-value
Unadjusted model
Enterobacter-dominant profile	Reference	Reference	–
Escherichia-dominant profile	0.97	0.84–1.11	0.61
Bifidobacterium-dominant profile	0.95	0.85–1.06	0.36
Bacteroides-dominant profile	0.83	0.71–0.96	0.01
Adjusted model 1 (adjusted for age)
Enterobacter-dominant profile	Reference	Reference	–
Escherichia-dominant profile	0.97	0.84–1.11	0.67
Bifidobacterium-dominant profile	0.96	0.85–1.08	0.47
Bacteroides-dominant profile	0.83	0.71–0.98	0.02
Adjusted model 2 (adjusted for age and delivery mode)
Enterobacter-dominant profile	Reference	Reference	–
Escherichia-dominant profile	0.97	0.85–1.12	0.72
Bifidobacterium-dominant profile	0.96	0.85–1.08	0.53
Bacteroides-dominant profile	0.83	0.70–0.98	0.03
Adjusted model 3 (adjusted for age and history of systemic antibiotic use)
Enterobacter-dominant profile	Reference	Reference	–
Escherichia-dominant profile	0.98	0.85–1.13	0.75
Bifidobacterium-dominant profile	0.96	0.85–1.09	0.54
Bacteroides-dominant profile	0.84	0.72–0.99	0.03
Adjusted model 4 (adjusted for age and feeding status)
Enterobacter-dominant profile	Reference	Reference	–
Escherichia-dominant profile	0.97	0.84–1.11	0.64
Bifidobacterium-dominant profile	0.97	0.86–1.09	0.61
Bacteroides-dominant profile	0.85	0.72–1.00	0.04
Adjusted model 5 (adjusted for age and annual household income)
Enterobacter-dominant profile	Reference	Reference	–
Escherichia-dominant profile	0.93	0.80–1.09	0.37
Bifidobacterium-dominant profile	0.92	0.81–1.06	0.25
Bacteroides-dominant profile	0.79	0.66–0.95	0.01

RRR, relative risk ratio; CI, confidence interval

^*RRR per 1 kg increase in maternal weight during pregnancy