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. 2017 Jul 8;8(33):55147–55161. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.19101

Figure 1. Ac-LA selectively inhibits viability of treatment-resistant cancer cell lines.

Figure 1

(A) Chemical structures of ac-LA and lupeol and surface charge distribution. Atoms with negative partial charge are colored red, the atoms with positive partial charge are colored blue. (B) Ac-LA is not converted to lupeol in the prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Cells take up ac-LA and lupeol to a similar extent, no intracellular conversion of ac-LA into lupeol and vice versa could be detected within 6 h. Cells were treated with ac-LA and lupeol (10 μM each) and analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC. (C) In comparison to lupeol, ac-LA exhibits higher time- and concentration-dependent inhibition of viability of prostate and pancreatic cancer cells and in contrast to docetaxel does not induce resistance. Cells were treated for 24-72 h and viability was analyzed by XTT assay. (D) Nontumorigenic prostate epithelial RWPE-1 cells are relatively resistant to treatment with ac-LA. MIA-PaCa-2, PC-3, and RWPE-1 cells were treated for 48 h and cell viability was analyzed by XTT. (E) Ac-LA inhibits viability of a panel of cancer cell lines more potently than lupeol. Cells were treated and analyzed as in D. All results are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments each performed in triplicate.