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. 2017 Sep 7;7:10751. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10822-z

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Calaxin morphants are deficient in the coordinated orientation of ciliary basal structures. (A,B) Phase contrast (left), immunostaining of ciliary basal structures (middle) and circular histograms (right) of control (A) and MO (2 mM)-injected (B) embryos at 24 hpf. Magenta, centrioles (γ-tubulin); green, transition zones (aPKC). Yellow arrows, direction of ciliary basal structures. Circular histograms show the orientation of ciliary basal structures. N = 89 (control) and 95 (2 mM MO), using 7–9 different embryos. Scale, 50 μm (left), 10 μm (middle). (C) Swimming trajectories of embryos treated with 100 μM GdCl₃. 10 images acquired at 0.2 second intervals are superimposed. Scale, 1 mm. (D) Comparison of mean swimming velocities of control and Gd³⁺-treated embryos. N = 30–40 from 3 embryos. (E,F) Phase contrast (left), immunostaining of ciliary basal structures (middle) and circular histograms (right) of control (E) and Gd³⁺-treated (F) embryos at 20 hpf. Circular histogram, N = 502 (control) and 693 (100 μM Gd³⁺) using 24–25 different embryos. Scale, 50 μm (left), 10 μm (middle).