Table 3.
Other maternal complications of pregnancy.
| FRENCH COHORT | CANADIAN COHORT | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Underweight | Normal Weight | Overweight | Obesity | Underweight | Normal Weight | Overweight | Obesity | |||||
| Class I | Class II | Class III | Class I | Class II | Class III | |||||||
| Stillbirth | 165 (0.6) | 63 (0.3)§ | ||||||||||
| n (%) | 7 (0.3) | 78 (0.5) | 33 (0.7) | 14 (0.8)† | 7 (0.9) | 1 (0.2) | 33 (0.3)§ | 18 (0.4)§ | 4 (0.2)§ | 7 (0.5) | ||
| Crude RR | 0.7 [0.3–1.4] | 1 | 1.4 [1.0–2.0] | 1.4 [0.9–2.3] | 2.0 [1.2–3.5] | p interaction = 0.63 and 0.45 | ||||||
| Adjusted RR* | 0.7 [0.3–1.7] | 1 | 1.5 [1.0–2.1] | 1.5 [0.8–2.6] | 2.3 [1.2–4.2] | |||||||
| Adjusted RR obtained with fractional polynomials* | 0.8 [0.7–0.9] | 1 | 1.3 [1.1–1.4] | 1.6 [1.2–2.0] | 2.2 [1.4–3.6] | |||||||
| Cesarean delivery | 6737 (23.8) | 4975 (22.6)§ | ||||||||||
| n (%) | 411 (18.9)† | 3707 (21.4) | 1378 (27.5)† | 571 (34.4)† | 217 (39.8)† | 112 (44.4)† | 104 (19.0) | 2458 (19.2)§ | 1319 (25.5)†§ | 621 (28.8)†§ | 279 (32.3)†§ | 194 (38.4)† |
| Crude RR | 0.9 [0.8–0.9] | 1 | 1.3 [1.2–1.3] | 1.5 [1.5–1.6] | 1.7 [1.6–1.8] | 1.9 [1.8–2.1] | p interaction = 0.15 and 0.09 | |||||
| Adjusted RR** | 0.9 [0.9–0.9] | 1 | 1.2 [1.1–1.2] | 1.2 [1.2–1.3] | 1.3 [1.2–1.4] | 1.5 [1.3–1.6] | ||||||
| Adjusted RR obtained with fractional polynomials* | 0.8 [0.8–0.8] | 1 | 1.3 [1.2–1.3] | 1.5 [1.4–1.5] | 1.7 [1.6–1.8] | 1.9 [1.8–2.1] | ||||||
| Birth weight > 4000 g | 2011 (7.1) | 2094 (9.5)§ | ||||||||||
| n (%) | 93 (4.3)† | 1,139 (6.6) | 457 (9.2)† | 166 (10.0)† | 49 (9.0)† | 23 (9.1) | 25 (4.6)† | 991 (7.8)§ | 586 (11.3)†§ | 288 (13.4)†§ | 127 (14.7)†§ | 77 (15.3)†§ |
| Crude RR | 0.6 [0.5–0.8] | 1 | 1.4 [1.3–1.5] | 1.6 [1.5–1.8] | 1.7 [1.5–1.9] | 1.8 [1.5–2.1] | p interaction = 0.15 and 0.20 | |||||
| Adjusted RR*** | 0.7 [0.5–0.8] | 1 | 1.4 [1.3–1.5] | 1.6 [1.4–1.7] | 1.6 [1.4–1.9] | 1.7 [1.4–2.0] | ||||||
| Adjusted RR obtained with fractional polynomials* | 0.6 [0.6–0.6] | 1 | 1.4 [1.3–1.4] | 1.7 [1.6–1.8] | 1.8 [1.7–2.0] | 2.0 [1.9–2.2] | ||||||
| Birth weight > 4500 g | 240 (0.9) | 272 (1.2)§ | ||||||||||
| n (%) | 10 (0.5) | 121 (0.7) | 54 (1.1)† | 31 (1.9)† | 13 (2.4)† | 4 (1.6) | 3 (0.6) | 117 (0.9)§ | 77 (1.5)† | 44 (2.0)† | 21 (2.4)† | 10 (2.0)† |
| Crude RR | 0.6 [0.4–1.1] | 1 | 1.6 [1.3–2.0] | 2.4 [1.9–3.2] | 2.9 [2.0–4.1] | 2.2 [1.3–3.7] | P interaction = 0.96 and 0.90 | |||||
| Adjusted RR*** | 0.7 [0.4–1.1] | 1 | 1.5 [1.2–1.9] | 2.2 [1.7–2.8] | 2.7 [1.9–3.8] | 2.0 [1.1–3.5] | ||||||
| Adjusted RR obtained with fractional polynomials* | 0.5 [0.4–0.6] | 1 | 1.6 [1.4–1.8] | 2.0 [1.7–2.4] | 2.4 [1.9–2.9] | 2.7 [2.1–3.4] | ||||||
Data are n (%); RR: Risk ratios. When interaction exists between cohort and studied outcome, stratified analysis is reported with different RR in each cohort. In the absence of interaction, a single RR is reported and presented in the France group as an RR.
†Tests BMI classes versus BMI reference (normal weight) [only reported for n (%)]; p < 0.05.§Tests BMI class in Canada versus the same BMI class in France (France is the reference); p < 0.05.
*Adjusted for ethnicity, maternal age, gestational diabetes, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and inherited thrombophilia.
**Adjusted for ethnicity, maternal age, occurrence of hypertensive disorders during the pregnancy, suspicion of intrauterine growth restricted, suspicion of fetal macrosomia, prior cesarean delivery, and breech presentation.
***Adjusted for ethnicity, maternal age, parity, gestational diabetes, type 1 and type 2 diabetes.