Table 4.
Multivariate associations between childhood adversities (CA) and the subsequent first onset of psychotic experiences
| Base model from table 2a (p-years = 975,199) | Base model and additionally control for mental disordersb (p-years = 975,199) | Base model but restricted to those with no mental disorderc (p-years = 595,792) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | |
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| I. Maladaptive family functioning CAs | ||||||
| Parental mental illness | 2.0* | (1.6–2.3) | 1.5* | (1.3–1.8) | 1.9* | (1.2–3.1) |
| Parental substance disorder | 0.9 | (0.7–1.2) | 0.9 | (0.7–1.2) | 1.5 | (0.9–2.7) |
| Parental criminal behaviour | 1.7* | (1.3–2.3) | 1.7* | (1.2–2.3) | 1.9 | (1.0–3.7) |
| Family violence | 1.2 | (0.9–1.5) | 1.0 | (0.8–1.3) | 1.0 | (0.6–1.7) |
| Physical abuse | 2.0* | (1.6–2.4) | 1.8* | (1.4–2.1) | 2.5* | (1.7–3.8) |
| Sexual abuse | 2.7* | (1.7–4.2) | 2.2* | (1.4–3.5) | 6.7* | (2.5–18.0) |
| Neglect | 1.1 | (0.9–1.5) | 1.1 | (0.9–1.4) | 1.2 | (0.6–2.1) |
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| Joint significance of all 7 MFF CA indicators | χ27 = 213.3* | χ27 = 97.6* | χ27 = 79.3* | |||
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| II. Other CAs | ||||||
| Parental death | 1.1 | (0.9–1.3) | 1.1 | (0.9–1.3) | 0.9 | (0.6–1.3) |
| Parental divorce | 1.3* | (1.0–1.7) | 1.3 | (1.0–1.6) | 0.9 | (0.5–1.5) |
| Other parental loss | 1.3 | (1.0–1.6) | 1.2 | (1.0–1.6) | 1.3 | (0.8–2.1) |
| Economic adversity | 1.4* | (1.0–1.9) | 1.3 | (1.0–1.8) | 1.6 | (0.9–3.1) |
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| Joint significance of all 4 Other CA indicators | χ24 = 18.6* | χ24 = 13.5* | χ24 = 4.8 | |||
*
Significant at the .05 level, 2-tailed test
a
See footnote “b” in Table 2 for a description of Model 1.
b
Model specification is as above and additionally control for 21 DSM-IV mental disorders and exactly 2 and 3 or more DSM-IV mental disorders .
c
Base model but restricted to those without prior history of mental disorder temporally prior to the onset of PEs.