Table 7.
Multivariable meta-regression model for the proportion of JEV infection in vertebrate hosts. Coefficients, P-values, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between predictors of interest with the proportion of JEV infection in vertebrate hosts (n = 33 studies). Random effects meta-regression models use the restricted maximum likelihood method (REML)
| Predictor | n | Coefficient (logit) | SE (logit) | 95% CI (logit) | P-value | Overall P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Host species | < 0.01 | |||||
| Pigs | 21 | Reference | ||||
| Bats | 2 | -3.78 | 1.72 | -7.17– -0.40 | 0.03 | |
| Birds | 7 | -2.49 | 0.52 | -3.51– -1.46 | < 0.001 | |
| Cats and dogs | 5 | 0.07 | 0.78 | -1.47–1.61 | 0.93 | |
| Cattle | 4 | -0.77 | 0.69 | -2.14–0.59 | 0.26 | |
| Chickens | 9 | -2.82 | 0.73 | -4.26– -1.37 | < 0.001 | |
| Ducks | 4 | -1.18 | 0.84 | -2.84–0.49 | 0.16 | |
| Herons | 5 | -0.33 | 0.35 | -1.01–0.36 | 0.35 | |
| Horses and donkeys | 4 | 0.13 | 1.20 | -2.23–2.50 | 0.91 | |
| Reptiles and amphibians | 2 | -0.39 | 1.21 | -2.77–1.99 | 0.75 | |
| Sheep and goats | 5 | -0.91 | 0.70 | -2.30–0.48 | 0.20 | |
| Sylvatic mammals | 2 | -0.10 | 0.58 | -1.24–1.05 | 0.87 | |
| Wild pigs | 2 | 1.02 | 1.19 | -1.32–3.36 | 0.39 | |
| Region | < 0.01 | |||||
| North | 16 | Reference | ||||
| South | 17 | 1.37 | 4.77 | 0.80–1.93 | < 0.001 | |
| Intercept | -0.85 | -4.67 | -1.20– -0.49 | < 0.001 |
Abbreviation: SE standard error