Table 1.

Hierarchical composites containing a mesoporous glass phase.

Mesoporous Phase	Matrix	Processing	Effect	References
MBG	Collagen	Mixing	Improved bioactivity in vitro and mechanical properties	[17]
Sol-gel glass	PLLA	Solid–liquid phase separation + solvent extraction	Improved bioactivity in vitro	[18]
MBG	PLGA	Mixing	Improved bioactivity in vitro, drug release	[19,22]
MBG	Polyamide	Solvent casting/particulate leaching	Improved bioactivity in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo	[23]
MBG	PCL	Solvent casting/particulate leaching	Improved bioactivity in vitro, drug release	[20]
		Robocasting + salt leaching	Improved bioactivity in vitro and mechanical properties, pliability	[24]
MBG	Alginate	Mixing	Improved bioactivity in vitro, drug release	[21]
		3D plotting	Improved bioactivity in vitro, drug release	[25]
MBG	Silk fibroin	Freeze-drying	Improved bioactivity in vitro and mechanical properties	[26,27]
MBG	Calcium phosphate	Mixing + freeze-drying	Adequate mechanical properties and bone regeneration in vivo	[28]
MBG	Chitosan	Freeze-drying	Hemostasis to promote wound healing	[29]

MBG: mesoporous bioactive glasses; PLLA: poly(L-lactic acid); PLGA: poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); PCL: poly(caprolactone).