Table 1.
Overall population demographic, clinical and laboratory data
| Variable | Overall population N (%) | HIV-infected patients N (%) | Non-HIV-infected patients N (%) | P value between HIV-infected and noninfected patients | Infected with protozoans/helminths N (%) | HIV patients infected by parasites N (%) | Non-HIV patients infected by parasites N (%) | P value between HIV and non-HIV infected by parasites |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 235 | 68 (28.94) | 167 (71.06) | × | 76 (32.34) | 22 (32.35) | 54 (32.34) | 0.99 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 77 (32.77) | 21 (30.88) | 56 (33.53) | 0.69 | 26 (34.21) | 6 (27.27) | 20 (37.04) | 0.41 |
| Female | 158 (67.23) | 47 (69.12) | 111 (66.47) | 0.69 | 50 (65.79) | 16 (72.73) | 34 (62.96) | 0.41 |
| Average age ± SD (year) | 31.61 ± 11.96 | 32.62 ± 8.90 | 31.2 ± 13 | 0.017 | 32.66 ± 12.21 | 31.86 ± 7.56 | 32.98 ± 13.71 | 0.41 |
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Single | 74 (31.49) | 14 (20.59) | 60 (35.93) | 0.02 | 19 (25.00) | 4 (18.18) | 15 (27.78) | 0.38 |
| Married | 133 (56.6) | 39 (57.35) | 94 (56.29) | 0.88 | 46 (60.53) | 13 (59.09) | 33 (61.11) | 0.87 |
| Cohabitation | 4 (1.70) | 1 (1.47) | 3 (1.80) | 1.00 | 1 (1.32) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (1.85) | 1.00 |
| Widowed | 11 (4.68) | 6 (8.82) | 5 (2.99) | 1.00 | 3 (3.95) | 0 (0.00) | 3 (5.56) | 1.00 |
| Divorcee | 13 (5.53) | 8 (11.76) | 5 (2.99) | 1.00 | 7 (9.21) | 5 (22.73) | 2 (3.70) | 1.00 |
| Education level | ||||||||
| Illiterate | 50 (21.28) | 24 (35.29) | 26 (15.57) | 0.00 | 19 (25.00) | 8 (36.36) | 11 (20.37) | 0.14 |
| Primary | 57 (24.26) | 24 (35.29) | 33 (19.76) | 0.01 | 17 (22.37) | 6 (27.27) | 11 (20.37) | 1.0 |
| Secondary | 86 (36.6) | 18 (26.47) | 68 (40.72) | 0.04 | 25 (32.89) | 7 (31.82) | 18 (33.33) | 0.90 |
| Postsecondary | 42 (17.87) | 2 (2.94) | 40 (23.95) | 0.00 | 15 (19.74) | 1 (4.55) | 14 (25.93) | 1.00 |
| Occupation | ||||||||
| Student | 44 (18.72) | 3 (4.41) | 41 (24.55) | 0.00 | 12 (15.79) | 1 (4.55) | 11 (20.37) | 1.00 |
| Farming | 9 (3.83) | 7 (10.29) | 2 (1.20) | 0.00 | 1 (1.32) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (1.85) | 1.00 |
| Housewife | 83 (35.32) | 35 (51.47) | 48 (28.74) | 0.00 | 28 (36.84) | 11 (50.00) | 17 (31.48) | 0.13 |
| Official | 21 (8.94) | 1 (1.47) | 20 (11.98) | 0.01 | 2 (2.63) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (3.70) | 1.00 |
| Others | 78 (33.19) | 22 (32.35) | 56 (33.53) | 0.86 | 33 (43.42) | 10 (45.45) | 23 (42.59) | 0.82 |
| Personal hygiene wash of hands | ||||||||
| Always | 167 (71.06) | 50 (73.53) | 117 (70.06) | 0.59 | 43 (56.58) | 12 (54.55) | 31 (57.41) | 0.82 |
| Sometimes | 67 (28.51) | 18 (26.47) | 49 (29.34) | 0.65 | 33 (43.42) | 10 (45.45) | 23 (42.59) | 0.82 |
| Not at all | 1 (0.43) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.60) | 1.00 | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | |
| Nail cleaning | ||||||||
| Always | 118 (50.21) | 37 (54.41) | 81 (48.50) | 0.41 | 33 (43.42) | 10 (45.45) | 23 (42.59) | 0.82 |
| Sometimes | 106 (45.11) | 28 (41.18) | 78 (46.71) | 0.44 | 41 (53.95) | 11 (50.00) | 30 (55.56) | 0.66 |
| Not at all | 11 (4.68) | 3 (4.41) | 8 (4.79) | 1.00 | 2 (2.63) | 1 (4.55) | 1 (1.85) | |
| Cleaning after defecation | ||||||||
| Wash with water | 78 (33.19) | 25 (36.76) | 53 (31.74) | 0.46 | 39 (51.32) | 12 (54.55) | 27 (50.00) | 0.72 |
| Use toilet paper | 95 (40.43) | 13 (19.12) | 82 (49.10) | 2.164e-05 | 22 (28.95) | 4 (18.18) | 18 (33.33) | 0.18 |
| Others methods | 62 (26.38) | 30 (44.12) | 32 (19.16) | 8.27e-05 | 15 (19.74) | 6 (27.27) | 9 (16.67) | 1.00 |
| Source of water consumed | ||||||||
| Borehole | 61 (25.96) | 14 (20.59) | 47 (28.14) | 0.23 | 32 (42.11) | 7 (31.82) | 25 (46.30) | 0.25 |
| Tap | 174 (74.04) | 54 (79.41) | 120 (71.86) | 0.23 | 44 (57.89) | 15 (68.18) | 29 (53.70) | 0.25 |
| ART | ||||||||
| Yes | 38 (16.17) | 38 (55.88) | 0 (0.00) | < 2.2e-16 | 11 (14.47) | 11 (50) | 0 (0.00) | 1.00 |
| No | 197 (83.83) | 30 (44.12) | 167 (100) | < 2.2e-16 | 65 (85.53) | 11 (50) | 54 (100) | 1.00 |
ART = antiretroviral treatment; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; SD = standard deviation.