Table 3.
Crude and adjusted risk ratios comparing Round 2 seroprevalence among children in the intervention (LFS) and control groups who were 6–12 months old at enrollment
| Pathogen | Antigen1 | Cutoff (MFI-bg) | Method to establish cutoff | Intervention (N = 62) crude seroprevalence | Control (N = 90) crude seroprevalence | Crude RR (95% CI, P value) | Adjusted RR (95% CI, P value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Giardia intestinalis | VSP3 + VSP5 | 26 (0.4194) | 28 (0.3111) | 1.36 (0.91–2.02, 0.135) | 1.40 (0.94–2.08, 0.094) | ||
| VSP3 | 358 | Mean + 3SD | 26 (0.4194) | 30 (0.3333) | 1.27 (0.85–1.89, 0.247) | 1.30 (0.88–1.93, 0.186) | |
| VSP5 | 233 | Mean + 3SD | 26 (0.4194) | 28 (0.3111) | 1.36 (0.91–2.02, 0.135) | 1.40 (0.94–2.08, 0.094) | |
| Cryptosporidium parvum | Cp17 + Cp23 | 23 (0.3710) | 50 (0.5556) | 0.67 (0.46–0.97, 0.035) | 0.62 (0.44–0.89, 0.010) | ||
| Cp17 | 259 | ROC | 32 (0.5161) | 64 (0.7111) | 0.73 (0.55–0.96, 0.027) | 0.69 (0.52–0.92, 0.010) | |
| Cp23 | 662 | ROC | 30 (0.4839) | 53 (0.5889) | 0.83 (0.61–1.13, 0.233) | 0.78 (0.58–1.04, 0.094) | |
| Campylobacter jejuni | p18 + p39 | 37 (0.5968) | 50 (0.5556) | 1.08 (0.81–1.44, 0.594) | 1.00 (0.76–1.32, 0.995) | ||
| p18 | 276 | Mixture model | 38 (0.6129) | 52 (0.5778) | 1.07 (0.82–1.40, 0.617) | 1.06 (0.81–1.39, 0.653) | |
| p39 | 74 | Mixture model | 45 (0.7258) | 63 (0.7000) | 1.04 (0.85–1.27, 0.782) | 1.00 (0.82–1.23, 0.975) | |
| Norovirus (Norwalk) | VLP | 84 | Mixture model | 28 (0.4242) | 39 (0.4105) | 0.97 (0.71–1.34, 0.873) | 0.84 (0.62–1.14, 0.268) |
| Norovirus (Sydney) | VLP | 156 | Mixture model | 21 (0.3387) | 44 (0.4889) | 0.66 (0.45–0.98, 0.039) | 0.63 (0.44–0.90, 0.012) |
| Norovirus (St. Cloud) | VLP | 19 | Mixture model | 26 (0.4267) | 45 (0.3947) | 1.06 (0.74–1.51, 0.749) | 0.94 (0.70–1.27, 0.708) |
| Entamoeba histolytica | LecA | 302 | Mean + 3SD | 6 (0.0968) | 7 (0.0778) | 1.24 (0.44–3.52, 0.686) | 1.42 (0.48–4.15, 0.523) |
| ETEC | EtxB | 15474 | Mixture model | 53 (0.8548) | 72 (0.8000) | 1.08 (0.91–1.27, 0.392) | 1.11 (0.94–1.30, 0.211) |
| Vibrio cholera | CtxB | 9882 | Mixture model | 55 (0.8871) | 77 (0.8556) | 1.05 (0.91–1.19, 0.519) | 1.08 (0.94–1.23, 0.274) |
CI = confidence interval; CtxB = cholera toxin β subunit; ETEC = Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; EtxB = ETEC heat-labile toxin β subunit; LeCA = lectin heavy chain subunit; MFI-bg = median fluorescent intensity values with background subtracted; RR = relative risk; ROC = receiver operating characteristic; SD = standard deviation; VLP = virus-like particle; VSP3 = variant-specific surface protein AS8/GST fusion; VSP5 = variant-specific surface protein 42e/GST fusion. These data incorporate observed values only; samples deemed insufficient at the time of analysis were not included. Log-binomial models were run with robust variance estimation. Significant results (at α = 0.05) are highlighted with bold text.