Table 4.
Crude and adjusted risk ratios comparing Round 2 seroprevalence among children in the intervention (LFS) and control groups who were 6–12 months old and seronegative at enrollment, using observed data only
| Pathogen | Antigen1 | Cutoff (MFI-bg) | Method to establish cutoff | Intervention crude seroprevalence | Control crude seroprevalence | Crude RR (95% CI, P value) | Adjusted RR (95% CI, P value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Giardia intestinalis | VSP3 + VSP5 | 11/33 (0.3333) | 14/59 (0.2373) | 1.45 (0.80–2.69, 0.219) | 1.46 (0.79–2.71, 0.228) | ||
| VSP3 | 358 | Mean + 3SD | 11/33 (0.3333) | 15/59 (0.2542) | 1.37 (0.75–2.49, 0.304) | 1.37 (0.75–2.52, 0.305) | |
| VSP5 | 233 | Mean + 3SD | 11/33 (0.3333) | 14/59 (0.2373) | 1.46 (0.79–2.69, 0.219) | 1.46 (0.79–2.71, 0.228) | |
| Cryptosporidium parvum | Cp17 + Cp23 | 9/27 (0.3333) | 27/51 (0.5294) | 0.64 (0.35–1.15, 0.133) | 0.59 (0.33–1.07, 0.082) | ||
| Cp17 | 259 | ROC | 15/27 (0.5556) | 34/53 (0.6415) | 0.88 (0.61–1.26, 0.474) | 0.90 (0.61–1.32, 0.577) | |
| Cp23 | 662 | ROC | 14/32 (0.4375) | 29/52 (0.5577) | 0.83 (0.52–1.32, 0.433) | 0.76 (0.48–1.21, 0.252) | |
| Campylobacter jejuni | p18 + p39 | 12/25 (0.4800) | 17/34 (0.5000) | 0.99 (0.62–1.56, 0.950) | 0.83 (0.52–1.32, 0.425) | ||
| p18 | 276 | Mixture model | 15/26 (0.5769) | 21/36 (0.5833) | 1.06 (0.76–1.50, 0.722) | 1.06 (0.81–1.39, 0.653) | |
| p39 | 74 | Mixture model | 16/26 (0.6154) | 28/42 (0.6667) | 0.85 (0.59–1.22, 0.379) | 0.81 (0.56–1.16, 0.253) | |
| Norovirus (Norwalk) | VLP | 84 | Mixture model | 6/32 (0.1875) | 20/49 (0.4082) | 0.43 (0.18–1.02, 0.055) | 0.45 (0.19–1.10, 0.080) |
| Norovirus (Sydney) | VLP | 156 | Mixture model | 12/34 (0.3529) | 25/56 (0.4464) | 0.78 (0.45–1.34, 0.367) | 0.77 (0.44–1.34, 0.354) |
| Norovirus (St. Cloud) | VLP | 19 | Mixture model | 16/36 (0.4444) | 25/56 (0.4464) | 1.15 (0.79–1.66, 0.471) | 0.99 (0.72–1.37, 0.955) |
| Entamoeba histolytica | LecA | 302 | Mean + 3SD | 4/33 (0.1212) | 5/62 (0.0806) | 1.54 (0.43–5.46, 0.507) | 1.72 (0.45–6.55, 0.424) |
| ETEC | EtxB | 15,474 | Mixture model | 18/24 (0.7500) | 31/45 (0.6889) | 1.10 (0.81–1.50, 0.537) | 1.10 (0.80–1.50, 0.556) |
| Vibrio cholera | CtxB | 9,882 | Mixture model | 14/20 (0.7000) | 29/38 (0.7632) | 0.94 (0.65–1.34, 0.715) | 1.07 (0.78–1.46, 0.692) |
CI = confidence interval; CtxB = cholera toxin β subunit; ETEC = Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; EtxB = ETEC heat-labile toxin β subunit; LeCA = lectin heavy chain subunit; MFI-bg = median fluorescent intensity values with background subtracted; RR = relative risk; ROC = receiver operating characteristic SD = standard deviation; VLP = virus-like particle; VSP3 = variant-specific surface protein AS8/GST fusion; VSP5 = variant-specific surface protein 42e/GST fusion. Log-binomial models account for robust variance estimation. Significant results (at α = 0.05) are highlighted with bold text.