Preventive chemotherapy timeline on Pemba Island from 1995 until 2015. The school-based national helminth control program started with administration of mebendazole (500 mg, single dose) and praziquantel (40 mg/kg, single dose) in 1995 and changed to albendazole (400 mg, single dose) and praziquantel (40 mg/kg, single dose) in 2003. The program to eliminate lymphatic filariasis started in 2001 with ivermectin (200 μg/kg, single dose) plus albendazole (400 mg, single dose) at community level. In 2006, lymphatic filariasis treatment was discontinued and restarted in 2013. ALB = albendazole; IVM = ivermectin; MBZ = mebendazole; PZQ = praziquantel; TAS = transmission assessment survey; y = year.