Fig 3.
Factors correlating with the response to chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cell therapy. (A) progression-free survival (PFS) and (B) overall survival (OS) in patients with complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), or no response (stable disease [SD] and/or progressive disease [PD]) by International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (IWCLL; 2008) after cyclophosphamide plus fludarabine lymphodepletion and CAR-T cell infusion at or below the maximum tolerated dose (dose level 1 or dose level 2). The median PFS and OS follow-up for patients in CR/PR was 12.3 and 12.4 months, respectively. (C) The peak CD4+/truncated human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt+; left) and CD8+/EGFRt+ (right) CAR-T cell counts in blood are shown in patients who did or did not clear disease from the bone marrow (BM) by high-resolution flow cytometry. (D) The peak CD4+/EGFRt+ (left) and CD8+/EGFRt+ (right) CAR-T cell counts in blood are shown in patients who cleared disease from BM by high-resolution flow cytometry and did or did not have detectable malignant IGH sequences in marrow. Curves depict the probability estimated by logistic regression of clinical outcomes associated with (E) peak CD4+/EGFRt+ and (F) CD8+/EGFRt+ CAR-T cell counts in blood. (G) Waterfall plot showing the change in cross-sectional area of the six largest lymph nodes on computed tomography scan by IWCLL (2008) imaging criteria at best response in high-risk patients with CLL after CAR-T cell immunotherapy. Four patients (two CR, one SD, one died) without high-resolution imaging to enable tumor measurement are not shown. (H) CD19-negative progression in a patient with robust CAR-T cell expansion in blood. BM, bone marrow; CRS, cytokine release syndrome; flow-neg, flow-negative; gr, grade; mOS, median OS; mPFS, median PFS; NR, not reached; NT, neurotoxicity.