Table 1. Characteristics of animals used in the experiments.
| Species | Strain | sex | Age | Supplier | Sacrifice method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse | 129/SvEv | M (n = 3) | 12 w | Taconic, Denmark | The animals (mice, rats, hamsters, Guinea pigs and rabbits) were deeply anesthetized by an intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital and sacrificed by exsanguination. |
| Rat | Sprague-Dawley CD® IGS | M (n = 3) | 10 w | Charles River Laboratories, Italia | |
| Hamster | Gold (Mesocricetus auratus) | M (n = 3) | 4–5 w | Janvier, France | |
| Guinea pig | Hartley | F (n = 3) | 6 w | Charles River, France | |
| Rabbit | New Zealand White | M (n = 3) | 12 w | CEGAV, France | |
| Dog | Beagle | M (n = 3) | 16 m | CEDS, France | Dogs were sedated by an intramuscular injection of a mixture of tiletamine and zolazepam, anesthetized by an intravenous injection of pentobarbital sodium and euthanized by exsanguination. |
| Monkey | Cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) | M (n = 3) | 42–47 m | Le Tamarinier, Mauritius | Monkeys were tranquilized by an intramuscular injection of ketamine hydrochloride, anesthetized by an intravenous injection of pentobarbital sodium and sacrificed by exsanguination. |
| F (n = 1) | 5.5 y | Nafovanny, Vietnam | |||
| Minipig | Göttingen | M (n = 3) | 10–14 m | Ellegaard, Denmark | Minipigs were deeply tranquillized by an intramuscular injection of a mixture of tiletamine and zolazepam, anesthetized by an intravenous injection of pentobarbital sodium and sacrificed by exsanguination |
Live animals were obtained by the listed suppliers. This research work was performed on tissues that were sampled at necropsy on animals that were already euthanized for other purposes. There were not euthanized expressly for the intended work. This procedure contributed to the reduction promoted by the 3Rs. CiToXLAB France is accredited by AAALAC and all the animals are properly housed, cared and used in compliance with the current rules and regulations including the Directive 2010/63/EU and the corresponding French lawsThree animals were used for each species. M: male; F: female; w: weeks; m: months; y: years. CEGAV: Centre d’élevage Gontran Achard de la Vente. CEDS: Centre d’élevage du domaine des souches