Table 2.

Nucleotide pools in E. coli throughout the growth curve. E. coli cultures were grown in defined minimal MOPS medium supplemented with 0.4% glucose at 37 °C with vigorous aeration and samples were removed for nucleotide measurements. The cell volumes necessary for calculation of absolute concentrations were estimated using a method provided in Supplementary Methods. The data are plotted as a function of time on (Fig. 4). Growth phase specific values are provided for guanosines and pyrimidines because the quotient was less stable than that for adenosines. When growth phase is not specified, the number provided corresponds to the mean value over all growth phases. 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. NA: not available.

Nucleotide		Quotient	Concentration
		mean[95% CI], %	mean[95% CI], µM
Adenosines	ATP	80[77; 83]	2200[1900; 2600]
	ADP	16[14; 18]	430[370; 500]
	AMP	3.2[2.7; 3.8]	88[72; 110]
Guanosines	GTP	67[62; 72]	900[760; 1100]
	exponential	75[69; 81]	1100[870; 1400]
	transition	54[44; 67]	1100[630; 1900]
	stationary	67[61; 73]	690[530; 880]
	GDP	12[9.7; 15]	160[130; 200]
	exponential	15[13; 18]	220[180; 270]
	transition	7.7[4.9; 12]	180[110; 290]
	stationary	12[7.5; 18]	120[73; 200]
	GMP + IMP	4[3.4; 4.7]	58[49; 69]
	exponential	3.9[3.1; 5.0]	62[48; 80]
	transition	3.6[2.6; 5.0]	84[58; 120]
	stationary	4.3[3.1; 5.9]	46[35; 59]
	ppGpp	8.1[5.2; 13]	120[72; 200]
	exponential	2.7[1.8; 3.9]	40[25; 67]
	transition	34[23; 50]	810[420; 1600]
	stationary	13[9.7; 18]	150[100; 220]
NTPs	CTP	12[10; 14]	570[450; 720]
	exponential	7.9[4.7; 13]	360[160;780]
	stationary	13[11; 16]	710[530; 950]
	UTP	20[18; 23]	970[790; 1200]
	exponential	12[9.6; 15]	510[360; 710]
	stationary	24[23; 26]	1300[1000; 1600]
	ATP	46[44; 48]
	GTP	20[18; 23]
	exponential	28[26; 31]
	transition	15[13; 16]
	stationary	16[15; 16]
AEC	ATP, ADP, AMP	88[86; 90]