Table 1.
Proximal hypospadias/VC repair.
| Study | No of patients | Mean follow-up (months) | Meatal location | Repair type | VC correction techniques used | Total complications | Residual curvature |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ghali et al. (13) | 148 | 23 | Midshaft/proximal | Tubularized preputial flap | Degloving/UP mobilization/DAa | 32% | 2% |
| Ferro et al. (14) | 34 | 1–48 (range) | Proximal | 2-stage preputial graft | Degloving/DA | 24% | 0 |
| Johal et al. (15) | 62 | 26 (median) | Midshaft/proximal | 2-stage grafts | Degloving/UP transection/DA | 18% | 5% |
| Braga et al. (16) | 100 | 65 | Proximal | Transverse preputial flap | DP 68 | 68% | 27.9% |
| VLG 32 | 43.7% | 9.4% | |||||
| Ghanem and Nijman (17) | 49 | 36 | Proximal | TIP | Degloving/DA | 12% | 0 |
| Snodgrass and Bush (18) | 36 | 12 | Proximal | TIP | UP mobilization/DA/ventral corporotomies w/o corporal graftsb | 13% | 0 |
| McNamara et al. (19) | 134 | 45.6 (median) | Proximal | 2-stage flap | Degloving | 53% | 2% |
| DP | |||||||
| Extensive ventral dissection | |||||||
| VL w/grafts | |||||||
| Pippi Salle et al. (20) | 140 | TIP (48.3); DIG (35.7); 2-stage (29.6) | Proximal | TIP/DIG/2-stage | TIP/DIG: UP mobilization/DA + UP section in DIG cases | TIP: 61.4% | TIP: 14% |
| 2-stage: DTITA ± DA in the second stage | DIG: 52.1% | DIG: 17% | |||||
| 2-stage: 38.3% | 2-stage: 5% | ||||||
| Chen et al. (21) | 87 | TPFI: 38 (median) | Proximal | Staged TPIF/2-stage Byars urethroplasty | Degloving; DA; UP transection | TPFI: 9.5% | 0 |
| Byars: 36 (median) | Byars: 33% | ||||||
| Long et al. (22) | 167 | 31.7 (median) | Proximal | 1-stage | DP/ventral “fairy” cuts/VLG | 1-stage: 62% | 1-stage: 7% |
| 2-stage | 2-stage: 49% | 2-stage: 3.7% | |||||
| Snodgrass and Bush (23) | 43 | 22 | Proximal | 2-stage | Corporotomies w/o corporal grafts at the 1-stage | 23% | 0 |
| Lanciotti et al. (24) | 50 | 63.6 | Proximal | 2-stage (bladder graft) | Degloving/DA | 46% | 10% |
UP, urethral plate; DIG, dorsal inlay graft; DTITA, deep transverse incisions of tunica albuginea; DP, dorsal approach (plication/Nesbit); TPIF, transverse preputial island flap; VLG, ventral lengthening w/grafts; VC, ventral curvature.
aUP was divided in severe VC cases in the initial cases.
bUP transection was done in nine cases that maintained VC after other maneuvers.