Table 3.
The statistical probabilities and the estimated effect sizes of the 1-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) on the respective post-assessment and 3-month follow-up (3MFU) between the groups, by taking the pre-assessment as the covariate.
| Evaluation | 1-way ANCOVA on the Post- and 3MFU assessments between the groups |
|
|---|---|---|
| Post_Pre P (Partial η2) | 3MFU_Pre P (Partial η2) | |
| FMA | ||
| Full score | 0.000*** (0.478) | 0.005** (0.319) |
| Shoulder/elbow | 0.037* (0.190) | 0.040* (0.186) |
| Wrist/hand | 0.000*** (0.538) | 0.005** (0.322) |
| Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) | 0.417 (0.032) | 0.455 (0.027) |
| Function Independence Measurement (FIM) | 0.123 (0.109) | 0.169 (0.088) |
| Modified Ashworth Score (MAS) | ||
| Elbow | 0.003** (0.359) | 0.004** (0.334) |
| Wrist | 0.001*** (0.430) | 0.002** (0.367) |
| Finger | 0.074 (0.144) | 0.000*** (0.507) |
Differences with statistical significance are marked with ‘*’ beside the P values. Significant levels are indicated as, * for <0.05, ** for ≤0.01, *** for ≤0.001. The degrees of freedom are (1) the corrected total = 23, (2) pre-test = 1, (3) between-group = 1, and (4) within-group = 21.