Table 2.
Ever exposure to diesel motor exhaust and ORs of lung cancer subdivided by lung cancer histologic subtype
| No. of cases/controls | Crude OR (95% CI)a | Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | |
|---|---|---|---|
| All cell types | |||
| Unexposed | 766/1929 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ever exposed to motor exhaust | 227/430 | 1.33 (1.11–1.59) | 1.15 (0.94–1.41) |
| Alveolar cell cancer | |||
| Unexposed | 37/1929 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ever exposed to motor exhaust | 6/430 | 0.74 (0.31–1.77) | 0.70 (0.29–1.70) |
| Adenocarcinoma | |||
| Unexposed | 161/1929 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ever exposed to motor exhaust | 38/430 | 1.07 (0.74–1.54) | 0.99 (0.67–1.46) |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | |||
| Unexposed | 298/1929 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ever exposed to motor exhaust | 98/430 | 1.47 (1.14–1.90) | 1.30 (0.99–1.71) |
| Small cell carcinoma | |||
| Unexposed | 162/1929 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ever exposed to motor exhaust | 45/430 | 1.24 (0.87–1.75) | 1.06 (0.73–1.55) |
| Undifferentiated, large cell, anaplastic or mixed carcinoma | |||
| Unexposed | 104/1929 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ever exposed to motor exhaust | 40/430 | 1.70 (1.16–2.50) | 1.57 (1.05–2.34) |
Bold values indicate tests for trend were 2-tailed and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05
CI confidence interval, EC elemental carbon, OR odds ratio
aAdjusted for age group and year of study inclusion
bAdjusted for age group, year of study inclusion, tobacco smoking, occupational exposure to asbestos, residential radon, combustion products (other than motor exhaust) and air pollution from road traffic