Fig. 1.

Relative bias (RB) and root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) of correlation estimates when the true underlying distribution belongs to the elliptical distribution family. The true correlation coefficient is 0.4, a RB when both ordinal variables have five categories. b RMSEA when both ordinal variables have five categories. c RB when both ordinal variables have three categories. d RMSEA when both ordinal variables have three categories. Note Nor normal, Uni uniform, Logi logistic, EP$(·)$=exponential power distribution with the enclosed value of $\mathit{\beta }.$