Table 3.
Inter-group comparison for women.
| Arterial hypertension group (AHG) n = 38 | Cushing’s disease (CD) n = 14 | Healthy volunteers (HV) n = 11 | p-Value | Post hoc tests | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 48.2 ± 9.0 | 41.6 ± 12.3 | 48.0 ± 10.9 | 0.112 | – |
| HR (bpm), mean ± SD | 66.9 ± 7.4 | 78.8 ± 9.2 | 70.2 ± 7.8 | 0.021 | AHG vs CD* |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD | 119.1 ± 9.1 | 118.1 ± 11.9 | 110.2 ± 10.5 | 0.040 | AHG vs HV* |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD | 77.2 ± 7.4 | 78.8 ± 9.2 | 70.2 ± 7.7 | 0.019 | AHG vs HV* |
| HV vs CD* | |||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 34.3 ± 37.1 | 30.6 ± 6.4 | 24.9 ± 4.5 | 0.636 | – |
| Echocardiography | |||||
| LVH, n (%) | 9 (23.7) | 6 (64.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.038 | |
| LVDD, n (%) | 5 (13.2) | 5 (35.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.032 | – |
| LVEDD (mm), mean ± SD | 46.3 ± 4.1 | 46.5 ± 4.4 | 45.2 ± 3.3 | 0.680 | – |
| RVEDD (mm), mean ± SD | 28.9 ± 3.3 | 28.8 ± 4.3 | 25.8 ± 4.6 | 0.063 | – |
| LA (mm), mean ± SD | 34.8 ± 3.5 | 34.8 ± 3.6 | 33.2 ± 2.6 | 0.390 | – |
| Left ventricular mass index (g/m2), mean ± SD | 86.6 ± 10.5 | 96.5 ± 22.9 | 71.1 ± 10.8 | 0.013 | HV vs CD** |
| LVEF (%), mean ± SD | 67.0 ± 2.6 | 67.1 ± 3.3 | 67.8 ± 4.2 | 0.766 | – |
| GLS (%), mean ± SD | −20.0 ± 2.5 | −18.0 ± 2.0 | −21.1 ± 2.7 | 0.010 | AHG vs CD* |
| HV vs CD* | |||||
| E/A (–), mean ± SD | 1.10 ± 0.31 | 1.08 ± 0.29 | 1.15 ± 0.29 | 0.851 | – |
| E′ (cm/s), mean ± SD | 10.0 ± 2.3 | 10.5 ± 2.9 | 12.5 ± 3.2 | 0.059 | – |
| E/e′, mean ± SD | 7.9 ± 2.0 | 7.1 ± 1.6 | 6.0 ± 1.5 | 0.014 | AHG vs HV* |
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.
E/A, mitral flow early (E) and late (A) phase ratio; E/e′, mitral flow early (E) phase and mitral septal annulus early diastolic velocity (e′) ratio; GLS, global longitudinal strain; LA, left atrium diameter, LVDD, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; RVEDD, right ventricular end diastolic diameter.