Table 3.
Mean ± standard deviation of serum concentrations of biological markers in 10- to 14-year-old Mexican and Mexican-American adolescents by location.
| Biological markers | Normal1 Mean ± SD (%) |
Borderline2 Mean ± SD (%) |
High3 Mean ± SD (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Toluca | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl)∗ Triacilglycerides (mg/dl) |
143.40 ± 16.03 (76.7) 89.28 ± 28.61 (76.1) |
179.30 ± 7.05 (17.8) 164.64 ± 12.88 (7.4) |
229.43 ± 24.19 (5.4) 278.79 ± 64.52 (16.4) |
| Cholesterol-HDL ratio | 3.53 ± 0.64 (91.5) | N/A | 5.55 ± 0.73 (8.5) |
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) (mg/dl)∗∗ | 46.32 ± 11.27 (72.9) | 41 ± 8.31 (8.5) | 33.19 ± 5.12 (18.6)4 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (mg/dl) | 78.41 ± 17.59 (88.3) | 115.60 ± 5.23 (7.8) | 151.80 ± 7.25 (3.9) |
| Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (mg/dl) | 245.54 ± 106.7 (98.4) | N/A | 487.00 ± 7.07 (1.6) |
| Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) (mg/dl) | 12.09 ± 3.36 (92.2) | N/A | 31.30 ± 8.43 (7.8) |
| Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (mg/dl) | 16.54 ± 8.28 (95.8) | N/A | 62.33 ± 16.58 (4.2) |
| Texas | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl)∗ Triacylglycerides (mg/dl) |
142.52 ± 16.03 (68.1) 93.83 ± 29.15 (66.7) |
180.28 ± 8.40 (27.8) 167.29 ± 15.60 (21.5) |
208 ± 9.44 (4.1) 253.76 ± 53.16 (11.8) |
| Cholesterol-HDL ratio | 3.32 ± 0.73 (93.1) | N/A | 6.08 ± 1.43 (6.9) |
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) (mg/dl)∗∗ | 49.74 ± 9.98 (66.0) | 42.89 ± 9.75 (21.5) | 35.00 ± 3.40 (11.8)4 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (mg/dl) | 79.13 ± 17.19 (91.0) | 116.33 ± 5.31 (8.3) | 158.00 ± 0.00 (0.7) |
| Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (mg/dl) | 225.54 ± 87.82 (100.0) | N/A | 0 |
| Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) (mg/dl) | 14.18 ± 4.24 (89.6) | N/A | 27.87 ± 5.73 (10.4) |
| Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (mg/dl) | 15.80 ± 6.65 (92.4) | N/A | 56.64 ± 12.38 (7.6) |
1Normal values: total cholesterol < 170 mg/dl; LDL < 110 mg/dl; HDL cholesterol ratio < 45 mg/dl; ALP 91–476 UL for males and 104–471 UL for females; GGT 8–32 UL for males and 7–18 UL for females; ALT 8–50 UL for males and 7–33 UL for females. 2Borderline values: total cholesterol 170–199 mg/dl; HDL 45–40 mg/dl; LDL 110–129 mg/dl; HDL cholesterol ratio 35–45 mg/dl. No borderline values for ALP, GGT, and ALT available. 3High/low values: total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl; HDL ≤ 35 mg/dl; LDL ≥ 130 mg/dl; HDL cholesterol ratio ≤ 35 mg/dl; ALP, GGT, and ALT below or above normal values for males and females. N/A: not applicable. ∗p < 0.05 between males (p = 0.014); ∗∗p < 0.05 between sites (p = 0.012). 4Low nonhigh values for high-density lipoproteins.