Table 1.
Inpatient treatments received by children hospitalized with food-induced anaphylaxis.
| n=100 | |
|---|---|
| Any stay in ICU† (%) (n=1 missing) | 7 (7%) |
| Received oxygen (%)‡ (n=1 missing) | 4 (4%) |
| Ventilator support needed (%) (n=1 missing) | 0 (0%) |
| IV fluid resuscitation (fluid bolus) (%) (n=1 missing) | 2 (2%) |
| Vasopressors (%) (n=1 missing) | 0 (0%) |
| Epinephrine | |
| IM | 3 (3%) |
| IV | 2 (2%) |
| Antihistamines (%) (n=2 missing) | 76 (78%) |
| Diphenhydramine (%) | 65 (66%) |
| Other H1-blockers (%) | 7 (7%) |
| H2-blockers (%) | 46 (46%) |
| Corticosteroids (%) (n=1 missing) | 68 (68%) |
| Prednisone/prednisolone (%) | 42 (42%) |
| Methylprednisolone (%) | 24 (24%) |
| Other (%) | 2 (2%) |
| Inhaled Beta-agonists (%) (n=2 missing) | 12 (12%) |
| Inhaled racemic epinephrine (%) (n=1 missing) | 1 (1%) |
| Additional medications (%) (n=1 missing) | 11 (11%) |
| IV terbutaline (%) | 1 (1%) |
| IV magnesium (%) | 0 (0%) |
| Leukotriene modifier (%) | 3 (3%) |
| Zofran (%) | 1 (1%) |
| Other (%) | 7 (7%) |
| Patients receiving significant inpatient intervention§ (%) | 16 (16%) |
| Hospital discharge | |
| Hospital length of stay (days), median (IQR) (n=1 missing) | 1 (1 – 1) |
| ≤1 day | 91 (92%) |
| >1 day | 8 (8%) |
| Self-injectable epinephrine prescribed (%) (n=2 missing) | 87 (89%) |
| Documentation patient taught how to use self-injectable epi (%) | 38 (44%) |
| Hospital discharge instructions include | |
| Referral to an allergist (%) (n=2 missing) | 35 (36%) |
| Instructions for avoidance of offending allergen (%) (n= 3 missing) | 47 (48%) |
| Discharge diagnosis includes term “anaphylaxis” (%) (n=4 missing) | 68 (71%) |
| Antihistamines prescribed (%) (n=3 missing) | 64 (66%) |
| Corticosteroids prescribed (%) (n=3 missing) | 61 (63%) |
| Other medications prescribed (%) (n=3 missing) | 22 (23%) |
| Documentation of subsequent acute health care visits for food allergy in next year (%) (n=1 missing) | 19 (19%) |
| Number of visits, median (IQR) | 1 (1 – 2) |
ICU, intensive care unit; IV, intravenous; IQR denotes interquartile range
†
All seven children had an ICU stay of one day.
‡
Two children received oxygen via nasal cannula. Two were missing route of delivery.
§
Defined as inpatient treatment with 1) epinephrine, 2) a significant respiratory intervention (i.e. inhaled albuterol, inhaled racemic epinephrine or respiratory support including oxygen delivery or intubation) or 3) a significant cardiovascular intervention (i.e. use of vaso-pressors or IV fluid resuscitation).