Table 5.

Pain status and subsequent mortality from cancer: site specific analysis (in subcohort free from cancer diagnosis at time of original survey)

Cancer site	ICD codes	Mortality rate ratio (95% CI)*
		No of deaths	Widespread pain
All cancers	140-208	168	2.07 (1.37 to 3.13)
Upper GI† tract	150-1	11	2.21 (0.43 to 11.31)
Lower GI† tract	153-4	17	3.25 (0.75 to 14.01)
Lung	162	51	3.09 (1.45 to 6.62)
Female breast	174	9	∞ (1.03 to ∞)
Other	—‡	80	1.63 (0.82 to 3.24)

^*Participants classified as “no pain” form reference group; results adjusted for age, sex, and study. 

^†GI=gastrointestinal. 

^‡All codes 140-208 excluding 150-1, 153-4, 162, and 174.