Figure 7.

Non-phosphorylated Vgll4 suppressed tumorigenesis in mice. A, representative five tumors in each group were excised and photographed at the end point. B, tumor growth curve with BxPC3 cells. BxPC3 cells expressing wild-type Vgll4 or Vgll4-4A (Tet-On-inducible) were subcutaneously inoculated into athymic nude mice on both flanks, and the mice were kept on doxycycline (0.5 mg/ml) in their drinking water throughout the experiment. The tumor volume shown at each point was the average from 8 tumors (two injections on two mice in each group did not form visible tumors and were excluded from the analysis). ***, p < 0.001; **, p < 0.01; *, p < 0.05 (t test). C, hematoxylin and eosin and cleaved caspase-3 staining in tumors shown in A. Three tumors from each group were analyzed. D, cell proliferation curve with S2.103 cells expressing Vgll4-WT or Vgll4-4A. ***, p < 0.001; **, p < 0.01(t test). E and F, similar experiments were done as in (A and B) with S2.013 cell lines. ***, p < 0.001; **, p < 0.01; *, p < 0.05 (t test).