Table 1.
Demographics of study participants
| Variable | Demographic | N (%) |
| Gender | Male | 227 (60.4) |
| Female | 149 (39.6) | |
| Age | 20–25 | 118 (31.4) |
| 26–30 | 119 (31.6) | |
| 31–35 | 73 (19.4) | |
| 36–40 | 34 (9.0) | |
| 41 or more | 32 (8.5) | |
| Nationality | Saudi | 319 (84.8) |
| Non-Saudi | 57 (15.2) | |
| Educationa | Diploma | 18 (4.8) |
| BSc | 249 (66.2) | |
| DPT | 3 (0.8) | |
| MSc | 75 (19.9) | |
| PhD | 31 (8.2) | |
| Universityb | King Saud University (Saudi Arabia) | 63 (16.8) |
| Jazan University (Saudi Arabia) | 39 (10.4) | |
| Umm Al-Qura University (Saudi Arabia) | 30 (8) | |
| King Abdulaziz University (Saudi Arabia) | 23 (6.1) | |
| Cairo University (Egypt) | 16 (4.3) | |
| University of Pittsburgh (United States of America) | 9 (2.4) | |
| Cardiff University (United Kingdom) | 8 (2.1) | |
| Loma Linda University (United States of America) | 8 (2.1) | |
| Work setting | Ministry of Health (all public ‘government’ hospitals and public rehabilitation centres) | 153 (40.7) |
| Private health sectors (all private hospitals, centres and clinics) | 62 (16.5) | |
| Other health sectors (such as National Guard Health Affairs, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Armed Forces Hospitals, Security Forces Hospitals and Royal Commission Hospitals) | 100 (26.6) | |
| University ‘academic’ | 61 (16.2) | |
| Job titlec | Technician | 26 (6.9) |
| Specialist | 240 (63.8) | |
| Senior Specialist | 44 (11.7) | |
| Consultant | 8 (2.1) | |
| Teaching Assistant | 21 (5.6) | |
| Lecturer | 19 (5.1) | |
| Assistant Professor | 11 (2.9) | |
| Associate Professor | 7 (2.7) | |
| Professor | 0 (0) |
aThe highest qualification received by participants.
bOnly eight universities of 65 different universities were reported; top four Saudi universities and top four non-Saudi universities.
cJob title descriptions:
(1) Technician: Two years diploma after the secondary school certificate.
(2) Specialist: Bachelor's degree with one year of internship or MSc degree before acquiring the required experiences for classification into senior specialist rank.
(3) Senior Specialist: MSc degree after completing the required experience so that the training period and later experience shall equate to a total of four years or PhD degree before completing the required experience for classification into consultant rank.
(4) Consultant: PhD degree with at least three years of experience.
(5) Teaching Assistant: Bachelor's degree holders.
(6) Lecturer: MSc degree holders.
(7) Assistant Professor: PhD holders.
(8) Associate Professor: PhD holders with at least four years of experiences as an assistant professor and completing the required number of research articles.
(9) Professor: PhD holders with at least four years of experiences as an associate professor and completing the required number of research articles.