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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Sep 11.
Published in final edited form as: JAMA. 2017 Jul 25;318(4):351–359. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.8982

Table 1.

Demographic Characteristics of Participants at Enrollment During Birth Hospitalization (N = 1263)

No. (%)
Breastfeeding Nursing Quality Improvement and Breastfeeding Mobile Health Messaging Intervention Safe Sleep Nursing Quality Improvement and Breastfeeding Mobile Health Messaging Intervention Breastfeeding Nursing Quality Improvement and Safe Sleep Mobile Health Messaging Intervention Safe Sleep Nursing Quality Improvement and Safe Sleep Mobile Health Messaging Intervention
No. of participants 305 303 335 320
Sex of infant
 Male 137 (44.9) 156 (51.5) 161 (48.1) 162 (50.6)
 Female 168 (55.1) 147 (48.5) 174 (51.9) 158 (49.4)
Parity
 1 Child 121 (39.7) 116 (38.3) 147 (43.9) 142 (44.4)
 2 Children 105 (34.4) 99 (32.7) 112 (33.4) 103 (32.2)
 ≥3 Children 79 (25.9) 88 (29.0) 76 (22.7) 75 (23.4)
Age group of mother, y
 <20 16 (5.2) 23 (7.6) 12 (3.6) 34 (10.6)
 20–29 156 (51.1) 165 (54.5) 155 (46.3) 168 (52.5)
 ≥30 133 (43.6) 115 (38.0) 168 (50.1) 118 (36.9)
Race/ethnicity of mother
 Non-Hispanic white 91 (29.8) 64 (21.1) 131 (39.1) 128 (40.0)
 Non-Hispanic black 83 (27.2) 119 (39.3) 72 (21.5) 70 (21.9)
 Hispanic 100 (32.8) 99 (32.7) 99 (29.6) 110 (34.4)
 Othera 31 (10.2) 21 (6.9) 33 (9.9) 12 (3.8)
Education of mother
 <High school 10 (3.3) 36 (11.9) 11 (3.3) 31 (9.7)
 High school graduate or GED 88 (28.9) 84 (27.7) 63 (18.8) 77 (24.1)
 Some college 104 (34.1) 102 (33.7) 114 (34.0) 118 (36.9)
 ≥College 101 (33.1) 80 (26.4) 147 (43.9) 92 (28.8)
 Unknown 2 (0.7) 1 (0.3) 0 2 (0.6)
Marital status
 Married 163 (53.4) 127 (41.9) 203 (60.6) 147 (45.9)
 Never married 132 (43.3) 158 (52.1) 111 (33.1) 151 (47.2)
 Separated, divorced, or widowed 8 (2.6) 14 (4.6) 20 (6.0) 14 (4.4)
 Unknown 2 (0.7) 4 (1.3) 1 (0.3) 8 (2.5)
Household income, $
 <20 000 47 (15.4) 49 (16.2) 30 (9.0) 55 (17.2)
 20 000–49 999 62 (20.3) 59 (19.5) 62 (18.5) 56 (17.5)
 ≥50 000 88 (28.9) 81 (26.7) 175 (52.2) 91 (28.4)
 Unknown 108 (35.4) 114 (37.6) 68 (20.3) 118 (36.9)
Infant age at maternal follow-up survey, wk
 8–11 205 (67.2) 214 (70.6) 262 (78.2) 236 (73.8)
 12–15 53 (17.4) 40 (13.2) 38 (11.3) 42 (13.1)
 16–19 25 (8.2) 25 (8.3) 17 (5.1) 19 (5.9)
≥20 22 (7.2) 24 (7.9) 18 (5.4) 23 (7.2)

Abbreviation: GED, general equivalency diploma.

a

Included American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, and multiracial/multiethnic.