Table 2.

Use of ART adherence strategies and adherence barriers encountered during the observation period among severe and moderate non-adherence groups.

Adherence Strategy	Severely Non-Adherent (N = 214)		Moderately Non-Adherent (N = 342)		X2
	N	%	N	%
Pill box to organize medications	90	42	134	39	0.5
Store medicines where they can be easily seen	125	58	191	56	0.4
Stored medicines in a case, bag or purse	134	63	216	63	0.1
Use a timer as a reminder to take medications	44	21	64	19	0.3
Use a device with an alarm as a reminder	49	23	70	20	0.5
Another person helped remind about doses	83	39	107	31	3.4
Used mealtimes as a reminder to take medications	131	61	207	61	0.1
Used bedtime as a reminder	143	67	222	65	0.1
Used regular daily activity as a reminder	107	50	162	47	0.5
Kept a journal or recoded each time dose taken	28	13	27	8	4.1*
Used a calendar to remember	56	26	85	25	0.1
Put up signs or other reminders to take medicine	43	20	53	15	2.0
Adherence Barriers
Cognitive/Organizational Factors
I forgot to take my HIV drugs	116	54	141	41	0.4
I did not have the right pill with me at the time.	58	27	66	19	0.5
I was too busy doing other things.	96	45	104	30	2.7
I got confused	16	7	13	4	1.5
Something unexpected came up.	95	44	102	30	2.9
Mental Health/Wellness
Making me sick so I chose to skip a dose.	25	12	13	4	8.1**
I slept through dose time.	71	33	81	24	0.7
I felt depressed and overwhelmed	41	19	35	10	3.7*
Structural Barriers
I did not want someone to see me take them.	25	12	16	5	5.3*
I ran out of pills.	44	21	32	9	7.4**
I could not get to the pharmacy.	38	18	24	7	8.9**
I could not afford my medications.	17	8	7	2	7.4**
Substance use
I was too drunk or high at the time.	29	14	17	5	7.6**
I had been drinking so I did not take my medications.	36	17	26	8	5.9**
I had been using drugs so I did not take my medications.	16	7	12	4	2.1

Note

^*p < .05,

^**p < .01