Strength of evidence for each domain of comparative effectiveness

	RN v PN	RN v TA	RN v AS	PN v TA	PN v AS	TA v AS	Uncontrolled AS
	Strength of Evidence
Cancer-specific survival	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low	Insufficient	Insufficient	Low
Metastasis-free survival	Low	Low	Low	Moderate	Insufficient	Insufficient	Low
Local recurrence-free survival	Moderate	Low	Insufficient	Moderate	Insufficient	Insufficient	Insufficient
Overall survival	Low	Insufficient	Low	Low	Insufficient	Insufficient	Low
Continuous renal functional outcomes (serum creatinine, eGFR)	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low	Insufficient	Insufficient	Insufficient
Categorical renal functional outcomes (CKD, ESRD)	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low	Insufficient	Insufficient	Insufficient
Quality of life	Insufficient	Insufficient	Insufficient	Insufficient	Insufficient	Insufficient	Insufficient
Perioperative outcomes	Moderate	Low	Insufficient	Moderate	Insufficient	Insufficient	Insufficient
Harms	Low	Low	Insufficient	Low	Insufficient	Insufficient	Insufficient

AS: active surveillance; CKD: chronic kidney disease; ESRD: end stage renal disease; TA: thermal ablation.