Table 1. Baseline characteristics.
| Characteristics | Non-GAL group (n=167) | GAL group (n=16) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age, year [range] | 63 [49–78] | 65 [51–80] | 0.867 |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.566 | ||
| Male | 94 (56%) | 10 (63%) | |
| Female | 73 (44%) | 6 (37%) | |
| BMI (SD) | 20.9 (2.6) | 20.1 (1.8) | 0.387 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 52 (31%) | 4 (40%) | 0.490 |
| ASA score, n (%) | 0.321 | ||
| I | 61 (36%) | 5 (31%) | |
| II | 88 (53%) | 8 (50%) | |
| III | 18 (11%) | 3 (19%) | |
| Albumin, g/L (SD) | 40.8 (3.0) | 41.1 (3.0) | 0.682 |
| Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, n (%) | 45 (27%) | 5 (31%) | 0.742 |
| Mean operation time, min (SD) | 298.1 (105.6) | 323.5 (132.1) | 0.586 |
| Surgical procedure, n (%) | 0.782 | ||
| Sweet esophagectomy | 35 (21%) | 3 (19%) | |
| McKeown esophagectomy | 85 (51%) | 8 (50%) | |
| Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy | 47 (28%) | 5 (31%) | |
| Tumor position, n (%) | 0.479 | ||
| Upper thoracic | 25 (15%) | 1 (6%) | |
| Middle thoracic | 89 (53%) | 9 (56%) | |
| Lower thoracic | 41 (25%) | 4 (25%) | |
| Gastroesophageal junction | 12 (7%) | 2 (13%) | |
| Mode selection, n (%) | 0.537 | ||
| VATS | 112 (67%) | 11 (69%) | |
| Thoracotomy | 55 (33%) | 5 (31%) | |
| Histology, n (%) | 0.741 | ||
| Squamous carcinoma | 125 (75%) | 13 (81%) | |
| Adenocarcinoma | 42 (25%) | 3 (19%) | |
| AJCC stage, n (%) | 0.365 | ||
| I | 40 (24%) | 4 (25%) | |
| II | 86 (51%) | 9 (56%) | |
| III | 41 (25%) | 3 (19%) |
GAL, gastroesophageal anastomotic leakage; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer.