Table 1.
Baseline characteristics in T2DM and non-T2DM patients
| Mean ± SD or n (%) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| T2DM (n = 68) | Non-T2DM (n = 72) | ||
| Risk factors | |||
| Male | 40 (58.8%) | 44 (61.1%) | 0.842 |
| Age, years | 64.16 ± 11.38 | 62.45 ± 9.73 | 0.429 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.89 ± 2.68 | 24.07 ± 2.81 | 0.151 |
| Hypertension | 44 (64.7%) | 37 (51.3%) | 0.533 |
| Current smoking | 39 (57.4%) | 44 (61.1%) | 0.651 |
| Dyslipidemia | 51 (75.0%) | 43 (59.7%) | 0.054 |
| Scr, µmol/l | 79.04 ± 24.65 | 69.51 ± 16.46 | 0.056 |
| GFR, ml/min | 86.67 ± 30.70 | 94.59 ± 25.01 | 0.106 |
| Hs-CRP, mg/l | 7.14 ± 6.88 | 3.85 ± 4.61 | 0.006 |
| History of stroke/TIA | 23 (33.8%) | 14 (19.4%) | 0.054 |
| NIHSS score | 4.48 ± 3.59 | 4.26 ± 3.43 | 0.710 |
| Carotid plaque features | |||
| Presence of plaque | 56 (82.4%) | 42 (58.3%) | 0.002 |
| AHA type IV–VI | 53 (77.9%) | 38 (52.8%) | 0.002 |
| Luminal stenosis (%) | 31.2 ± 33.17 | 19.42 ± 25.91 | 0.013 |
| Max WT (mm) | 3.22 ± 1.73 | 2.26 ± 1.17 | 0.001 |
| Percent wall volume | 42.76 ± 11.85 | 37.78 ± 11.05 | 0.011 |
| LRNC prevalence | 53 (77.9%) | 38 (52.8%) | 0.002 |
| % volume of LRNCa,b | 35.35 ± 26.99 | 15.96 ± 17.28 | 0.001 |
| IPH or FCR prevalence | 9 (13.2%) | 6 (8.3%) | 0.349 |
| % volume of IPHa,b | 3.00 ± 9.30 | 2.21 ± 8.43 | 0.667 |
| CA prevalence | 35 (51.5%) | 29 (40.3%) | 0.184 |
| % volume of CAa,b | 5.84 ± 14.63 | 5.49 ± 8.83 | 0.891 |
T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, BMI body mass index, Scr serum creatinine, GFR glomerular filtration rate, Hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, TIA transient ischemic attack, Max WT maximum wall thickness, LRNC lipid-rich necrotic core, IPH intraplaque hemorrhage, FCR fibrous cap rupture, CA calcification
aComponent% = Corresponding component volume/Plaque volume
bOnly including those with plaque present