Table 1.
Resistance to cefixime, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin in N. gonorrhoeae isolates from 24 EU/EEA countries, 2015
| Country | No. of isolates tested | Resistance | Method of testing | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cefixime | Azithromycin | Ciprofloxacin | ||||||
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |||
| Austria | 61 | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 3.3% | 40 | 65.6% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Belgium | 99 | 11 | 11.1% | 3 | 3.0% | 49 | 49.5% | Decentralised – AD |
| Croatia | 8 | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 3 | 37.5% | Centralised – Etest |
| Cyprus | 3 | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 66.7% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Denmark | 110 | 0 | 0.0% | 3 | 2.7% | 34 | 30.9% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Estonia | 18 | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 5 | 27.8% | Centralised – Etest |
| France | 105 | 0 | 0.0% | 6 | 5.7% | 44 | 41.9% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Germany | 109 | 2 | 1.8% | 2 | 1.8% | 67 | 61.5% | Centralised – BKP/Etest |
| Greecea | 100 | 11 | 11.0% | 22 | 22.0% | 77 | 77.0% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Hungary | 64 | 1 | 1.6% | 3 | 4.7% | 34 | 53.1% | Centralised - BKP/Etest |
| Iceland | 14 | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 4 | 28.6% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Ireland | 110 | 1 | 0.9% | 20 | 18.2% | 50 | 45.5% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Italy | 100 | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 2.0% | 71 | 71.0% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Latvia | 9 | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 11.1% | Centralised – Etest |
| Malta | 29 | 0 | 0.0% | 4 | 13.8% | 19 | 65.5% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Netherlands | 200 | 0 | 0.0% | 8 | 4.0% | 74 | 37.0% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Norway | 110 | 1 | 0.9% | 4 | 3.6% | 64 | 58.7%b | Decentralised – AD |
| Poland | 56 | 0 | 0.0% | 3 | 5.4% | 32 | 57.1% | Centralised – Etest |
| Portugal | 110 | 0 | 0.0% | 19 | 17.3% | 41 | 37.3% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Slovakia | 104 | 4 | 3.8% | 2 | 1.9% | 56 | 53.8% | Centralised – Etest |
| Slovenia | 109 | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 38 | 34.9% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Spain | 167 | 4 | 2.4% | 5 | 3.0% | 109 | 65.3% | Decentralised – Etest |
| Sweden | 100 | 0 | 0.0% | 14 | 14.0% | 45 | 45.0% | Decentralised – Etest |
| UK | 239 | 1 | 0.4% | 30 | 12.6% | 95 | 39.7% | Decentralised – AD/Etest |
| Total: | ||||||||
| Cefixime | 2132 | 36 | 1.7% | |||||
| Ciprofloxacin | 2133 | 1054 | 49.4% | |||||
| Azithromycin | 2134 | 152 | 7.1% | |||||
| 95% CI | 1.2–2.3 | 6.1–8.3 | 47.3–51.5 | |||||
EU/EEA European Union/European Economic Area, No. Number, Etest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) gradient strips to determine the MIC of an antimicrobial (mostly Etests, but also some other MIC gradient strips were used in some countries), AD agar dilution method to determine the MIC of an antimicrobial, BKP Breakpoint agar dilution method, CI confidence interval of the mean %
aOnly one (0.05%) ceftriaxone resistant isolate was identified in Euro-GASP in 2015 (in Greece; MIC = 0.25 mg/L)
bCalculated from 109 isolates with ciprofloxacin results