Fig. 1.

Simulated changes in several important climate parameters following injections of 750 Tg and 35,000 Tg of soot near the tropopause, as well as cases that include water vapor injections for 750 Tg, 15,000 Tg, and 35,000 Tg. (A) Aerosol burden, (B) Aerosol optical depth, (C) net shortwave (SW) flux, and (D) net longwave (LW) flux. All parameters are monthly and globally averaged. Optical depth is calculated at 500 nm, near the center of the visible range of wavelength. Net SW and LW fluxes are shown as fractions of the value in the control simulation at Earth’s surface.