Table 1.

The characteristics of the sample materials

Sample	Composition (%)
Al	Al 99.99%
Ag alloy	Ag 73%, Zn 10%, In 9%, Sn 8%
Type IV Au alloy	Au 71%, Cu 15%, Ag 8%, Pd 3%, Pt 2%, Ir 1%, Zn 1%
Au-Pd-Ag alloy	Ag 50%, Pd 20%, Cu 16.5%, Au 12%, Ir 1.5%, Zn 1.5%, Ga 1.5%, In 1.5%
Ti	Ti 99.427%
Ni-Cr alloy	Ni 78.8%, Cr 19.5%, Si 1.1%, Fe 0.4%, Al 0.2%
Co-Cr alloy	Co 52%, Cr 25%, W 14%, Ga 8%, Al 1%

Ag, silver; Al, aluminium; Au, gold; Co, cobalt; Cr, chromium; Cu, copper; Fe, iron; Ga, gallium; In, indium; Ir, iridium; Ni, nickel; Pd, palladium; Si, silicon; Sn, tin; W, tungsten; Zn, zinc.