Table 3.
RSV hospitalization, healthcare resource utilization and case fatality rate in infants and children with cystic fibrosis
| Study | Country | Design/study population | Incidence RSV (per 1000) | Incidence RSVH (per 1000) | LOS, median days (range) | Admitted to ICU/PICU (%) | Supplemental oxygen (%) | Intubation and/or mechanical ventilation (%) | Case fatality rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deschamp 2015 [61] | US | Interim analysis of multicenter, prospective study estimated to enroll 90 infants (<4 months at recruitment) with CF. Analysis included 13 infants with CF who had 59 nasopharyngeal samples collected and tested using viral PCR analysis over 11 months. No information on RSV immunoprophylaxis | 77a | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Murray 2014 [7] | UK | Retrospective, multicenter study (2007–2008) of 7189 children aged <12 months admitted to hospital with bronchiolitis [11 (0.2%) with CF]. No information on RSV immunoprophylaxis | NA | 64 | 2 (0–14) | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Kristensen 2012 [10] | Denmark | Register-based cohort study of 452 205 children aged <2 years of whom 12 498 (2.8%) were hospitalized for RSV from 1997 to 2003. Included 72 children with CF of whom 13 were hospitalized for RSV infection. During the study period, 118 of the total population received RSV immunoprophylaxis | NR | 181 | 1.3 (0.8–2.1)b | NRc | NRc | NRc | NRc |
| Garcia 2007 [62] | US | Single center, prospective study of 44 children with CF (7–18 years) during the 1998–1999 RSV season. No information on RSV immunoprophylaxis | 364d | NRe | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Arnold 1999 [60] | Canada | Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort (1993–1995) including 159 children with underlying lung disease, 8 of whom had CF (mean age 33 weeks). No information on RSV immunoprophylaxis | NR | NA (study population) | 11 (4–13) | 12.5 | NR | 0 | 0 |
| Outcome | Number of studies | Number of countries | Population age and timeframe of studies | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Summary | ||||
| Incidence of RSV infection | 2 | 1 | ≤18 years; 1998–2015 | 77–364 per 1000 children |
| Incidence of RSVH | 2 | 2 | <2 years; 1997–2008 | 64–181 per 1000 children |
| LOS, median | 2 | 2 | <1 year; 1993–2008 | 2–11 days |
| Admission to ICU/PICU | 1 | 1 | <2 years; 1993–1995 | 12.5% |
| Supplemental oxygen | – | – | – | – |
| Intubation and/or mechanical ventilation | – | – | – | – |
| Case fatality rate | 1 | 1 | <1 years; 1993–1995 | 0% |
CF cystic fibrosis, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile range, LOS length of stay, NA not applicable, NR not recorded, PCR polymerase chain reaction, PICU pediatric intensive care unit, RSV respiratory syncytial virus, RSVH respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization
a1 of 10 subjects tested positive for a respiratory viral infection (including RSV, human rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza 3, parainfluenza 4, and influenza B) was symptomatic at the time of testing (no information on virus identified in the symptomatic infant)
bGeometric mean ratio (95% confidence interval) for presence of cystic fibrosis vs. non-presence of condition; P = 0.279
cNo specific data for children with cystic fibrosis
d8 of 16 children with RSV infection had co-infection with human metapneumovirus
eNo specific data for children with RSV infection