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. 2017 Sep 12;7:11401. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-11924-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Detailed results of the cell resistance assay. (a) Amodiaquine re-establishes chemosensitivity in resistant cancer cells. Cells are treated with increasing doses of the cytotoxic agent bortezomib and amodiaquine over three passages. There is a clear difference in growth behaviour between treatment with bortezomib only or with addition of amodiaquine. In comparison to the known binder BVDU at 30, amodiaquine is more effective at 1/60th of this dose. (b) The control shows that amodiaquine is not a cytotoxic agent. When administered on its own (without bortezomib), there is no difference in cell growth compared to untreated cells. The same holds true for chrysin (c,d), although the effect on cell growth is not as strong. All experiments were conducted with the multiple myeloma cell line RPMI-8226.