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. 2017 Sep 8;8:1104. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01104

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Frequency of B cells before and during acute HIV-1 subtype C infection in absence of early antiretroviral treatment. B cells were defined by the expression of CD19 on CD3− peripheral blood lymphocytes. B cell subsets were defined by the expression of CD27 and CD21 on CD3−CD19+ lymphocytes. Plasmablasts (PBs) were defined as CD27+CD38+++ cells on CD3−CD19+ peripheral lymphocytes. Subsets were analyzed on longitudinal AHI samples obtained in the first ~90 DFOPV and compared to matched baseline values. Panel (A) shows a summary of the frequency of B cells as a percentage of lymphocytes overtime. Panel (B) is representative data showing B cell subsets from baseline (before infection) to ~60 DFOPV, example from participant 127-033-0097-079. Panels (C–F) represent frequencies of B cell subsets; (C) resting memory, (D) tissue-like memory, (E) activated memory, and (F) naïve cells. (G) Representative data from participant 127-033-0108-093 shows kinetics of PBs from baseline to ~90 DFOPV. (H) A comparison between frequencies of PBs at baseline and longitudinal time-points up to ~90 DFOPV. Horizontal lines represent median values and each color represents one patient. DFOPV, days following onset of plasma viremia, and time-point “0” represents baseline (visit prior to infection). p-Values were calculated by Wilcoxon matched signed-rank test (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.005).