Table 2.
Modulation of β-SPL across regions during 500 ms following movement onset
| Decreases in β-SPL Relative to ITI | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ipsilateral grip t cluster characteristics |
Contralateral grip t cluster characteristics |
||||||||||||
| Time, s | Σt | P value | Frequency range, Hz | Lag range, ms | Time, s | Σt | P value | Frequency range, Hz | Lag range, ms | ||||
| Frontal | |||||||||||||
| 0.1 | −1.5E +03 | 0 | 13 | 20 | −159 | 95 | 0.1 | −3.2E +03 | 0 | 12 | 29 | −205 | 249 |
| 0.3 | −1.1E +03 | 0 | 13 | 36 | −145 | 213 | 0.3 | −3.6E +03 | 0 | 13 | 29 | −199 | 173 |
| 0.5 | −1.4E +03 | 0 | 13 | 35 | −195 | 199 | 0.5 | −3.2E +03 | 0 | 13 | 34 | −249 | 249 |
| Precentral | |||||||||||||
| 0.1 | −1.1E +04 | 0 | 12 | 28 | −223 | 201 | 0.1 | −1.0E +04 | 0 | 12 | 31 | −251 | 113 |
| 0.3 | −1.0E +04 | 0 | 12 | 30 | −251 | 237 | 0.3 | −1.1E +04 | 0 | 12 | 34 | −251 | 225 |
| 0.5 | −9.3E +03 | 0 | 12 | 25 | −251 | 245 | 0.5 | −1.2E +04 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 233 |
| Postcentral | |||||||||||||
| 0.1 | −8.8E +03 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 249 | 0.1 | −1.1E +04 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 235 |
| 0.3 | −9.7E +03 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 249 | 0.3 | −1.1E +04 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 249 |
| 0.5 | −1.0E +04 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 249 | 0.5 | −9.8E +03 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 249 |
| Parietal | |||||||||||||
| 0.1 | −8.9E +03 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −229 | 249 | 0.1 | −7.5E +03 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 199 |
| 0.3 | −9.4E +03 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 249 | 0.3 | −7.9E +03 | 0 | 12 | 38 | −207 | 249 |
| 0.5 | −9.2E +03 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 249 | 0.5 | −8.7E +03 | 0 | 12 | 40 | −251 | 249 |
| Increases in β-SPL Relative to ITI | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ipsilateral grip t cluster characteristics |
Contralateral grip t cluster characteristics |
||||||||||||
| Time, s | Σt | P value | Frequency range, Hz | Lag range, ms | Time, s | Σt | P value | Frequency range, Hz | Lag range, ms | ||||
| Frontal | |||||||||||||
| 0.1 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | 0.1 | 4.5E +02 | 0.048 | 28 | 33 | −251 | −195 | ||||
| 0.3 | 1.0E +03 | 0.013 | 26 | 40 | −125 | −53 | 0.3 | 6.0E +02 | 0.027 | 28 | 35 | −251 | −197 |
| 0.5 | 5.1E +02 | 0.048 | 26 | 33 | −121 | −67 | 0.5 | 6.5E +02 | 0.03 | 29 | 36 | −251 | −207 |
| Precentral | |||||||||||||
| 0.1 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | ||||||||
| 0.3 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | ||||||||
| 0.5 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | ||||||||
| Postcentral | |||||||||||||
| 0.1 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | ||||||||
| 0.3 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | ||||||||
| 0.5 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | ||||||||
| Parietal | |||||||||||||
| 0.1 | 2.1E +03 | 0.002 | 27 | 40 | −147 | 249 | 0.1 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | ||||
| 0.3 | 1.4E +03 | 0.005 | 27 | 40 | −143 | −13 | 0.3 | 5.0E +02 | 0.036 | 26 | 33 | −145 | −85 |
| 0.5 | 6.4E +02 | 0.027 | 28 | 40 | −137 | −99 | 0.5 | 0.0E +00 | 1 | ||||
Changes in β-SPL relative to ITI were assessed for each movement time point using cluster-based permutation testing, resulting in time-frequency clusters of t-statistics that indicate significant changes in phase locking at given frequencies and lags. The total cluster t-statistic values (Σt) and corresponding P values, as well as ranges in frequency and lag, are shown for clusters representing decreases and increases in β-SPL at 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 s after movement onset relative to ITI (these time points are indicated with dotted lines in Fig. 6). These statistics are shown separately for movements made with the ipsilateral and contralateral hand and are segregated by anatomical region.