Figure 3.

Biodegradable polymeric artificial antigen-presenting cells. (A) Schematic of a biodegradable PLGA aAPC. Anti-CD3, anti-CD28 mAbs, and pMHC complexes were loaded onto aAPCs through biotin-avidin conjugation. Encapsulated cytokines were released from particles in a time-dependent manner. (B) SEM imaging of the microparticle. (C) Fluorescence imaging of aAPC-T-cell binding. (D) Expansion of T cells after various treatment as indicated. Reprinted with permission from ref. 79. Copyright 2008 American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy.