Figure 5.

Effects of TTN on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced degradation of IκB-α and activation of the IKK-α/β and MAPK pathways. (a and b) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with TTN for 1 h before LPS (1 μg/ml) stimulation for another 2 h. The expression levels of IκB-α, IKK-α/β, IKK-α, IKK-β, p-JNK1/2, JNK1/2, p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2, p-p38MAPK, and p38MAPK were determined by western blotting analysis (n=5). The values were expressed as means±S.D. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001 versus LPS alone group