Table 9.
Association between outcomes of interest and emergency department (ED) type
| Item | % | Crude analysis | Adjusted analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | P | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P | ||
| 24-h back-up coverage | |||||
| Academic ED | 84.8 | 3.4 (1.7–6.5) | < 0.001 | 3.3 (1.7–6.8) | < 0.001 |
| High-volume ED | 73.8 | 1.4 (0.8–2.5) | 0.3 | 1.4 (0.7–2.5) | 0.3 |
| Tertiary ED | 73.9 | 1.9 (1.2–3.0) | 0.008 | 1.8 (1.1–3.0) | 0.02 |
| Urban ED | 75.2 | 1.7 (1.1–2.9) | 0.03 | 1.7 (1.0–2.9) | 0.06 |
| Supraglottic airway device | |||||
| Academic ED | 60.8 | 1.6 (1.0–2.4) | 0.07 | 1.6 (1.0–2.8) | 0.08 |
| High-volume ED | 56.2 | 1.3 (0.8–2.2) | 0.3 | 1.4 (0.8–2.4) | 0.2 |
| Tertiary ED | 54.3 | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) | 0.3 | 1.2 (0.7–1.8) | 0.5 |
| Urban ED | 49.6 | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.6 | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.4 |
| Surgical airway device | |||||
| Academic ED | 93.7 | 0.6 (0.2–1.7) | 0.3 | 0.7 (0.2–2.3) | 0.5 |
| High-volume ED | 95 | 0.7 (0.2–2.5) | 0.7 | 0.7 (0.2–2.6) | 0.6 |
| Tertiary ED | 95.7 | 1.0 (0.3–2.9) | 1 | 1.2 (0.4–3.7) | 0.8 |
| Urban ED | 94 | 0.6 (0.2–1.6) | 0.3 | 0.7 (0.2–2.2) | 0.5 |
| DAM cart | |||||
| Academic ED | 49.4 | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 1 | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 0.9 |
| High-volume ED | 52.5 | 1.1 (0.7–1.9) | 0.7 | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 0.6 |
| Tertiary ED | 49.5 | 1.0 (0.6–1.5) | 1 | 1.0 (0.6–1.5) | 1 |
| Urban ED | 47.9 | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.6 | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.6 |
| Neuromuscular blocking agents | |||||
| Academic ED | 83.5 | 2.9 (1.5–5.5) | 0.001 | 3.2 (1.6–6.5) | 0.001 |
| High-volume ED | 80 | 2.2 (1.2–4.1) | 0.01 | 2.2 (1.1–4.1) | 0.02 |
| Tertiary ED | 78.8 | 3.0 (1.9–4.9) | < 0.001 | 2.7 (1.6–4.4) | < 0.001 |
| Urban ED | 68.4 | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 1 | 0.9 (0.5–1.6) | 0.9 |
| Anesthesiology rotation | |||||
| Academic ED | 20.3 | 0.3 (0.2–0.6) | < 0.001 | 0.3 (0.2–0.6) | < 0.001 |
| High-volume ED | 38.8 | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 1 | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 0.9 |
| Tertiary ED | 33.7 | 0.6 (0.4–1.0) | 0.05 | 0.7 (0.4–1.1) | 0.08 |
| Urban ED | 35 | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.34 | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 0.5 |
| Routine use of capnometry to confirm ETI | |||||
| Academic ED | 53.2 | 1.4 (0.9–2.4) | 0.2 | 1.3 (0.8–2.3) | 0.3 |
| High-volume ED | 47.5 | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 1 | 0.9 (0.5–1.6) | 0.8 |
| Tertiary ED | 54.3 | 2.1 (1.3–3.3) | 0.002 | 2.1 (1.3–3.3) | 0.002 |
| Urban ED | 45.3 | 0.9 (0.6–1.5) | 0.7 | 0.9 (0.6–1.5) | 0.7 |
CI confidence interval, DAM difficult airway management, ETI endotracheal intubation
Academic ED, high-volume ED, and tertiary ED are defined in Table 1