Table 3.
Cognitive training interventions (n=6).
| Author, year | Study type | Intervention type | Technology type | Populationa | Outcomes | OCEBM levelb | Effective/Resultsc |
| Barnes et al, 2006 [33] | RCT | Cognitive training | Computer | 36 pts w/ MCI; age: mean 74 years; RBANS total: mean 86.6 | Cognition, mood | 2 | No improvement in cognition (RBANS total) |
| Chan et al, 2017 [34] | RCT-single blind | Cognitive training | Tablet | 99 pts w/ MCI; age: mean 68.7 years; MOCA: mean 24.4 | Cognition | 2 | Yes, treatment group had improvements in working memory; both treatment and control groups had improvements in immediate and delayed recall |
| Gooding et al, 2015 [37] | RCT | Cognitive training | Computer | 74 pts w/ subclinical cognitive decline; age: mean 75.6 years; mMMSE: mean 50.6 | Cognition | 4 | Yes, improvement in cognition (mMMSE, BSRT, and LMS) |
| Han et al, 2014 [38] | Pilot | Cognitive training | Tablet | 10 pts w/ MCI; age mean: 69.7 years; MMSE: mean 26.7; CDR: mean 0.5 | Cognition | 4 | Yes, significant improvement in cognition (word list memory test) |
| Mansbach et al, 2017 [39] | Controlled trial | Cognitive training | Mobile app from computer | 38 pts w/ normal cognition, MCI, and mild dementia; age: mean 78.1 years; BCAT: mean 37.3 | Cognition, subjective report of cognition | 4 | Yes, treatment group had greater improvements in cognition |
| Tarraga et al, 2006 [35] | RCT | Cognitive training | Computer | 43 pts w/ MCI; age: mean 76.7 years; MMSE: mean 21.9 | Cognition, function | 2 | Yes, improvement in cognition (ADAS-Cog, MMSE); no functional improvements |
aBCAT: Brief Cognitive Assessment Tool; CDR: Clinical Dementia Rating scale; MCI: mild cognitive impairment: MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; mMMSE: Modified Mini-Mental State Examination; MOCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment.
bOxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine’s Levels of Evidence and Grades of Recommendation (1=highest quality; 5=lowest quality).
cADAS-Cog: Alzheimer’s disease Assessment Scale cognitive subscale; BSRT: Buschke Selective Reminding Test; LMS: Logical Memory Subtest; RBANS: Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status.