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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2017;80(1):53–68. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1238329

Table 1.

Physical properties of nano and fine TiO2 particles

Description Nano particles Titanium Oxide P25 Fine particles Titanium[IV] oxide
Purity 99% 99.9%
Primary particle diameter 21 nm <5 μm
Specific surface area (m2/g) 50 ± 15 2–3
Particle form (crystal phase) 80/20 anatase/rutile rutile
Average size in PBS (μm) 2.6 ± 0.3 (2.3–3.16) 1.0 ± 2.4(0.8–6.2)
Average size in medium (μm) 0.7 ± 0.1 (0.4–0.9) 1.2 ± 0.1 (0.9–1.5)
Suspension in medium 100% 100%

Physical properties provided by nanomaterial manufacturers.

Specific surface area measured with the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method.

Particles suspended in PBS or cell culture medium by sonication.

Agglomerate structure diameter measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS).